Metastatic renal cell carcinoma remains a main therapeutic challenge in oncology. Interferon-alpha and Interleukin-2 have been the sole available drugs for decades. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is an interesting but experimental therapeutic approach. The von Hippel-Lindau disease is a rare genetic disorder predisposing to the development of renal cell carcinoma. Its molecular elucidation paves the way for novel therapeutic approaches based, mainly but not exclusively, on the inhibition of angiogenesis.
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