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Hypoimmunogenic HLA-E Single Chain Inhibits Alloreactive Immune Responses.
J Immunol
December 2024
Beam Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA.
Article Synopsis
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells from universal donors can be rejected by the recipient's immune system, which impacts their effectiveness and longevity in treatment.
- The researchers created HLA class I-deficient T cells to avoid detection by mismatched CD8+ T cells and improved their NK cell tolerance using a specially designed molecule called dtHLA-E4.
- The optimized dtHLA-E4 molecule showed better surface expression, enhanced NK cell inhibition, and reduced recognition by CD8+ T cells while maintaining the ability to inhibit NK cells, making it a promising strategy for improving the persistence of CAR T cells in treatment.
Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA vaccination: a pediatric case report.
CEN Case Rep
October 2024
Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - A 15-year-old girl experienced persistent fever and fatigue 54 days after her second COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose, leading to the diagnosis of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) due to elevated kidney markers.
- - A kidney biopsy showed signs of inflammation, and a lymphocyte transformation test linked the condition to the vaccine.
- - Initial treatment with prednisolone worked, but after a recurrence of symptoms, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was introduced, successfully reducing the need for corticosteroids in this rare case.
Circulating Multiple Myeloma Cells (CMMCs) as Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Multiple Myeloma and Smouldering MM Patients.
Cancers (Basel)
August 2024
IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", 40138 Bologna, Italy.
In recent years, liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising alternative to the bone marrow (BM) examination, since it is a minimally invasive technique allowing serial monitoring. Circulating multiple myeloma cells (CMMCs) enumerated using CELLSEARCH were correlated with patients' prognosis and measured under treatment to assess their role in monitoring disease dynamics. Forty-four MM and seven smouldering MM (SMM) patients were studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe persistence of low CD4/CD8 ratio in chronic HIV-infection, despite ART suppression and normal CD4 levels, is associated with pre-therapy values of inflammation and thymic function.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect
December 2024
Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Sevilla, 41704, Dos Hermanas, Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address:
Background: Persistence of a low CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with an increased morbimortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) under effective antiretroviral therapy. We aimed to explore the immunological significance of a persistently low CD4/CD8 ratio, even despite normal CD4 levels, and assess whether these features vary from those associated to a low nadir-CD4, another well-established predictor of disease progression.
Methods: CD4-recovered PLWH were classified by CD4/CD8 ratio after three-years of ART (viral suppression, CD4≥500; R < 0.
Spontaneous Regression Accompanied by Concomitant Immune Alterations in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
Ann Case Rep
January 2024
Heart and Trauma Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Spontaneous regression (SR) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a rare event (0.2% - 1%). Some advances have been made in understanding the tumor genetic characteristics of such patients, although the immunological mechanisms leading to SR remain unclear.
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