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Scavenger receptor a is a major homeostatic regulator that restrains drug-induced liver injury.
Hepatology
July 2023
Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Drug-induced liver injury, often caused by drugs like acetaminophen, can be severe, and the study examines how the pattern recognition receptor A (SRA) influences this process through immune interactions.
- Mice lacking SRA show increased sensitivity to liver damage, which is linked to reduced levels of the protective cytokine IL-10 and heightened liver inflammation.
- The research suggests that SRA plays a critical role in protecting the liver by promoting IL-10 production in immune cells, pointing to potential new approaches for treating drug-induced liver injuries.
Drug-induced allergic hepatitis develops in mice when myeloid-derived suppressor cells are depleted prior to halothane treatment.
Hepatology
August 2015
Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Article Synopsis
- Clinical evidence suggests that serious drug-induced liver injuries may be caused by the adaptive immune system reacting to drug-protein complexes, a condition known as drug-induced allergic hepatitis, though specific animal models have been lacking.
- In a study with female Balb/cJ mice, researchers observed liver damage and immune cell infiltration after exposure to halothane, indicating that immune tolerance in the liver can be disrupted.
- The findings point to potential mechanisms for drug-induced allergic hepatitis that could help develop animal models for further research and suggest that a breakdown in liver tolerance might make individuals more susceptible to this condition.
Hepatotoxicity of halogenated inhalational anesthetics.
Iran Red Crescent Med J
September 2014
Department of Molecular Hepatology, Middle East Liver Disease Center, Tehran, IR Iran ; Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Article Synopsis
- * A review of 52 studies from 1966 to 2013 confirmed that all halogenated anesthetics, like halothane and enflurane, can cause liver damage, particularly through a metabolic pathway involving cytochrome P-450 2E1, while sevoflurane appears to have a lower risk.
- * Although liver toxicity from these anesthetics is not common, it is essential to acknowledge the potential link, especially with older agents like halothane compared to newer ones with lower hepatotoxicity.
Involvement of miRNAs in the early phase of halothane-induced liver injury.
Toxicology
May 2014
Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * This study investigates the effects of the hepatotoxic drug halothane (HAL) on miRNA expression in mice, finding significant changes in miRNA levels related to inflammation and liver injury within 24 hours after dosing.
- * The researchers identified miR-106b as a crucial miRNA whose down-regulation leads to the up-regulation of STAT3, contributing to the development of HAL-induced liver injury.
Halothane-induced hepatitis: A forgotten issue in developing countries: Halothane-induced hepatitis.
Hepat Mon
January 2011
Department of Gastroenterology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Article Synopsis
- - Halothane, introduced in the 1950s as an anesthetic, led to concerns about liver damage (hepatitis), prompting the search for safer alternatives with fewer side effects.
- - Two types of halothane-related liver damage were identified: mild hepatitis (type 1) with self-limiting symptoms, and severe hepatotoxicity (type 2), often resulting in acute liver failure.
- - Newer anesthetics like enflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane, which aren't metabolized by the liver and cause fewer adverse reactions, are more expensive, raising challenges for their adoption in lower-budget healthcare systems.
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