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Hypoxia increases intracellular calcium in glutamate-activated horizontal cells of goldfish retina via mitochondrial K channels and intracellular stores.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol
February 2025
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. Electronic address:
Central neurons of the common goldfish (Carassius auratus) are exceptional in their capacity to survive Ca-induced excitotoxicity and cell death during hypoxia. Horizontal cells (HCs) are inhibitory interneurons of the retina that are tonically depolarized by the neurotransmitter, glutamate, yet preserve intracellular Ca homeostasis. In HCs isolated from goldfish, and in the absence of glutamatergic input, intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca]) is protected from prolonged exposure to hypoxia by mitochondrial ATP-dependent K (mK) channel activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrafast Transient Absorption Spectra and Kinetics of Rod and Cone Visual Pigments.
Molecules
August 2023
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Rods and cones are the photoreceptor cells containing the visual pigment proteins that initiate visual phototransduction following the absorption of a photon. Photon absorption induces the photochemical transformation of a visual pigment, which results in the sequential formation of distinct photo-intermediate species on the femtosecond to millisecond timescales, whereupon a visual electrical signal is generated and transmitted to the brain. Time-resolved spectroscopic studies of the rod and cone photo-intermediaries enable the detailed understanding of initial events in vision, namely the key differences that underlie the functionally distinct scotopic (rod) and photopic (cone) visual systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreserving Retinal Structure and Function with the Novel Nitroxide Antioxidant, DCTEIO.
Neurochem Res
November 2023
Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, 14 University Drive, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD, 4226, Australia.
Oxidative stress is a major contributor to progressive neurodegenerative disease and may be a key target for the development of novel preventative and therapeutic strategies. Nitroxides have been successfully utilised to study changes in redox status (biological probes) and modulate radical-induced oxidative stress. This study investigates the efficacy of DCTEIO (5,6-dicarboxy-1,1,3,3-tetraethyllisoindolin-2-yloxyl), a stable, kinetically-persistent, nitroxide-based antioxidant, as a retinal neuroprotectant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-cell transcriptomics of the goldfish retina reveals genetic divergence in the asymmetrically evolved subgenomes after allotetraploidization.
Commun Biol
December 2022
Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Graduate School of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Nagahama, Japan.
The recent whole-genome duplication (WGD) in goldfish (Carassius auratus) approximately 14 million years ago makes it a valuable model for studying gene evolution during the early stages after WGD. We analyzed the transcriptome of the goldfish retina at the level of single-cell (scRNA-seq) and open chromatin regions (scATAC-seq). We identified a group of genes that have undergone dosage selection, accounting for 5% of the total 11,444 ohnolog pairs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges of the clock gene expression in central and peripheral organs of common carp exposed to constant lighting conditions.
Chronobiol Int
February 2023
Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
In both mammals and fish, the circadian system is composed of oscillators that function at the cellular, tissue, and system levels and show the cyclic expression of clock genes. The organization and functioning of the biological clock in fish has not yet been characterized in detail, therefore, in the present study, an extensive analysis of the rhythmic expression of the main components of the biological clock in the central and peripheral organs of common carp was performed. The diurnal changes in clock gene expression were determined with respect to the subjective light cycle in fish exposed to constant light or darkness.
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