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Challenges and Opportunities of Vision Screening and Refractive Error Management for Underserved Children in the United States.
J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil
January 2025
Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Uncorrected refractive error is a key cause of childhood visual impairment in the United States. As pediatric vision issues are often asymptomatic, vision screenings are essential to identify children's eye problems. Despite the importance of vision for children's health, well-being, and academic achievement, challenges remain in ensuring that children have equitable access to vision screenings and follow-up eye care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSudden cardiac death after acute myocarditis with arrhythmic presentation: hunting for risk predictors - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Open Heart
November 2024
Cardiothoracic Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
Background: Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) frequently occur in the acute phase of myocarditis. Possible arrhythmic recurrences and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in this setting are reasons for concern, and limited data have been published to guide clinical management of these patients. The aim of the present paper is to report the incidence of major arrhythmic events, defined as sustained VA, SCD and appropriate implantable cardiac-defibrillator (ICD) treatment, in patients with acute myocarditis and ventricular arrhythmic phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential Infectious Complications in Pig Xenograft Donors and Recipients.
Transpl Int
January 2025
Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Preclinical and clinical xenotransplantation trials have shown that successful outcomes depend on a number of factors including the prevention of xenozoonoses. Preclinical trials involving pig kidneys and hearts transplanted into various non-human primates have revealed the potential impact of pig pathogens being present in the transplanted organ/tissue, mainly viruses. The concept of "designated pathogen-free donor animals" was developed to ensure elimination of pathogens during the breeding of donor animals to mitigate this occurrence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow temperature thermal RAFT depolymerization: the effect of Z-group substituents on molecular weight control and yield.
Chem Sci
January 2025
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
The labile end-groups inherent to many controlled radical polymerization methodologies, including atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, can trigger the efficient chemical recycling of polymethacrylates yielding high percentages of pristine monomer. Yet, current thermal solution ATRP and RAFT depolymerization strategies require relatively high temperatures ( 120-170 °C) to proceed, with slower depolymerization rates, and moderate yields often reported under milder reaction conditions ( lower temperatures). In this work, we seek to promote the low temperature RAFT depolymerization of polymethacrylates regulating the Z-group substitution of dithiobenzoate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransfusion in trauma: empiric or guided therapy?
Res Pract Thromb Haemost
January 2025
Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK.
A state of the art lecture titled "Transfusion therapy in trauma-what to give? Empiric vs guided" was presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress in 2024. Uncontrolled bleeding is the commonest preventable cause of death after traumatic injury. Hemostatic resuscitation is the foundation of contemporary transfusion practice for traumatic bleeding and has 2 main aims: to immediately support the circulating blood volume and to treat/prevent the associated trauma-induced coagulopathy.
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