The effect of oxytocin at different concentrations was tested on the secretion of oestradiol-17 beta and testosterone by cultured human granulosa cells obtained by follicular punctures during in-vitro fertilization (IVF) attempts. Oxytocin had no effect on testosterone secretion, either in the absence or the presence of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). It had no effect on oestradiol-17 beta in the absence of FSH. However, it decreased the FSH-stimulated secretion of oestradiol-17 beta in a certain number of cases. This inhibitory effect appears to be associated with cells more responsive to FSH and was identified in women found to be successful in achieving pregnancy during IVF attempts.
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