Objectives: Incomplete resin infiltration and polymerization of adhesive contributed to nanoleakage formation. This study tested the null hypothesis that adoption of different bonding tactics and dentine depth will not affect hybridization quality in vivo.
Methods: Class V cavities were prepared on the labial/buccal surface of monkey teeth. They were bonded by Single Bond (a two-step total-etch adhesive), Clearfil SE Bond (a two-step self-etch adhesive), or Clearfil S(3) Bond (an all-in-one self-etch adhesive). Combined nanoleakage analysis and quantitative immunolabeling evaluation were carried out in the hybrid layer formed in both cervical superficial and deep dentine.
Results: Single Bond showed reticular and spotted nanoleakage while Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil S(3) Bond presented only a spotted one. While Single Bond showed increased concentration of labeling of type I collagen within the deep part of the hybrid layer, two self-etch adhesives-Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil S(3) Bond revealed a homogeneous labeling pattern, even if the latter presented a significantly increased labeling index in deep dentine.
Conclusions: Different bonding tactics showed different nanoleakage patterns and immunolabeling index, and was influenced by dentine depth at different levels in vivo.
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