AI Article Synopsis
- Hemorrhagic shock is a major cause of death in trauma patients, with surgery and fluid resuscitation being the primary treatments for controlling bleeding.
- Recent trends have led to more restrictive blood transfusion practices due to concerns over disease transmission and costs, requiring quick decisions from clinicians for trauma patients who need massive transfusions.
- A better understanding of resuscitation goals is essential to minimize transfusion risks, while new technologies are being developed to reduce blood loss and the need for transfusions in severe trauma cases.
Article Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock is a leading cause of death in trauma patients. Surgical control of bleeding and fluid resuscitation with both crystalloid and blood products remain the mainstay of therapy for injured patients with bleeding. However, there has been a recent re-evaluation of transfusion practice. Both the fear of transmissible disease and the costs of transfusing blood products have led to increasingly restrictive transfusion practices. A small percentage of trauma patients require massive transfusion. These patients are complex and difficult to manage, and clinicians must act quickly to save them. There is little evidence to help guide clinical transfusion decisions in these patients. A rational approach to using blood products requires an understanding of the end points of resuscitation. Resuscitation with fluids and red cells is necessary to improve perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues. Avoiding overtransfusion is key, however, because transfusion is also associated with significant risks. This trend toward reducing allogenic blood exposure will likely continue. New technologies that have the potential of reducing blood loss and transfusion requirements in trauma patients with massive bleeding are being developed, and similar old technologies are being reapplied.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2384284 | PMC |
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