A comprehensive review of Rett syndrome, a recently identified developmental disability found only in females, was presented. The syndrome involves severe physical and mental handicaps. The rapidly accumulating research on Rett syndrome was reviewed for readers without a medical background. A brief history of Rett syndrome, the diagnostic criteria for this disorder, and the clinical stages that have been noted were presented. Information on the incidence of Rett syndrome and a discussion of issues in differential diagnosis (particularly with autism) was also included. The etiological data and genetic theories were then discussed as were treatment approaches and prognosis.
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