Human coronavirus OC43 pneumonia in a pediatric cancer patient with down syndrome and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol

Children's Hospital Medical Centre, Institutes for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University of Bonn, Germany.

Published: June 2007

In this report, we describe a case of pneumonia due to an infection with human coronaviruses (HCoVs)-OC43 in a pediatric leukemia patient with Down syndrome and febrile neutropenia. Not only the recently discovered HCoVs NL63 or HKU1 but also the prototype strains HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E have to be considered as respiratory pathogens in immunocompromised pediatric cancer patients. The routine utilization of polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic tools would certainly elucidate the etiology of a relevant proportion of "pneumonias of unknown origin" in immunocompromised pediatric patients and would contribute to a better understanding of the role of HCoVs in this setting.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e31806451c1DOI Listing

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