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Multilayer coating results are discussed for the primary and secondary mirrors of the micro-exposure tool (MET): a 0.30 NA lithographic imaging system with a 200 microm x 600 microm field of view at the wafer plane, operating in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region at an illumination wavelength around 13.4 nm. Mo/Si multilayers were deposited by DC-magnetron sputtering on large-area, curved MET camera substrates. A velocity modulation technique was implemented to consistently achieve multilayer thickness profiles with added figure errors below 0.1 nm rms demonstrating sub-diffraction-limited performance, as defined by the classical diffraction limit of Rayleigh (0.25 waves peak to valley) or Marechal (0.07 waves rms). This work is an experimental demonstration of sub-diffraction- limited multilayer coatings for high-NA EUV imaging systems, which resulted in the highest resolution microfield EUV images to date.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.46.003736 | DOI Listing |
Nanoscale
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film, with high energy density and excellent mechanical properties, has drawn attention as an energy storage device. However, conduction loss in PVDF under high electric fields hinders improvement in efficiency due to electrode-limited and bulk-limited conduction. Well-aligned multilayer interfaces of two-dimensional (2D) nanocoatings can block charge injection, reducing electrode-limited conduction loss in dielectric polymers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
December 2024
Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany.
The infestation of tissue after implantation is a major problem as a bacterial biofilm can form on the surface of the implants, leading to implant-associated infections (IAIs). One approach to prevent such IAI is to apply antibacterial coatings consisting of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) and bacteriophages (PHAGs). PEM were constructed by alternately adsorbing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes on a substrate according to the layer-by-layer concept.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Control Release
December 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address:
Therapeutic challenges of chronic pulmonary infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP. aeruginosa) biofilms due to significantly enhanced antibiotic resistance. This resistance is driven by reduced outer membrane permeability, biofilm barriers, and excessive secretion of virulence factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Aleja Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland.
This paper presents a method for producing VTMS/HAp/VTMS/VTMS multilayer coatings on a Grade 2 titanium substrate and characterizes their structure and functional properties. Two solutions were used to produce the coatings: one based on vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and the other on hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder. The coatings were applied using immersion using the sol-gel method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
November 2024
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Patr. Gregoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Street, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Greece.
This study explores the layer-by-layer (LBL) modification of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow fibers for effective Mg/Li separation. It employs an LBL method of surface modification using polyelectrolytes, specifically aiming to enhance ion selectivity and improve the efficiency of lithium extraction from brines or lithium battery wastes, which is critical for battery recycling and other industrial applications. The modification process involves coating the hydrolyzed PAN fibers with alternating layers of positively charged polyelectrolytes, such as poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), polyethyleneimine (PEI), or poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and negatively charged polyelectrolytes, such as poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS), to form polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs).
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