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Transcription elongation of the plant RNA polymerase IV is prone to backtracking.
Sci Adv
August 2024
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, State Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) forms a complex with RNA-directed RNA polymerase 2 (RDR2) to produce double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) precursors essential for plant gene silencing. In the "backtracking-triggered RNA channeling" model, Pol IV backtracks and delivers its transcript's 3' terminus to RDR2, which synthesizes dsRNA. However, the mechanisms underlying Pol IV backtracking and RNA protection from cleavage are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreparation and Effect of CO Response Gel for Plugging Low-Permeability Reservoirs.
Gels
July 2024
School of Petroleum Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
In order to solve the problem of gas channeling during CO flooding in low-permeability reservoirs, a novel CO responsive gel channeling system was prepared by using carrageenan, branched polyethylene imide and ethylenediamine under laboratory conditions. Based on the Box-Behnken response surface design method, the optimal synthesis concentration of the system was 0.5 wt% carrageenan, 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of the separation of proteins of wide-ranging molecular weight via trilobal polypropylene capillary-channeled polymer fiber, commercial superficiously porous, and commercial size exclusion columns.
J Sep Sci
May 2022
Department of Chemistry, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Reversed phase and size-exclusion chromatography methods are commonly used for protein separations, although they are based on distinctly different principles. Reversed phase methods yield hydrophobicity-based (loosely-termed) separation of proteins on porous supports, but tend to be limited to proteins with modest molecular weights based on mass transfer limitations. Alternatively, size-exclusion provides complementary benefits in the separation of higher mass proteins based on entropic, not enthalpic, processes, but tend to yield limited peak capacities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth and Culture: The Association between Healthcare Preferences for Non-Acute Conditions, Human Values and Social Norms.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
December 2021
School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Preference for professional vs. non-professional or informal healthcare for non-acute medical situations influences healthcare use and varies strongly across countries. Important individual and country-level drivers of these preferences may be human values (the fundamental values that individuals hold and guide their behavior) and country-level characteristics such as social tightness (societal pressure for "acceptable" behavior).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProperties of filaments ignited by multi-millijoule, 90 fs mid-infrared pulses centered at 3.9 μm are examined experimentally by monitoring plasma density, losses, spectral dynamics and beam profile evolution at different focusing strengths. By changing from strong (f=0.
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