The profile of (137)Cs present in undisturbed soil due to the Chernobyl accident was measured repeatedly for approximately 20 y. The vertical migration of (137)Cs in soil is a very slow process. The mean vertical migration velocity is estimated at approximately 0.1-0.2 cm y(-1). A method based on in situ gamma spectrometry measurements and Monte Carlo computations, aimed at estimating the profile of (137)Cs without performing any soil sampling, is investigated.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncm222 | DOI Listing |
Mar Pollut Bull
January 2025
Ocean Environment Institute, Oceanic Consulting and Trading, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
This study simulated the dispersion of Cs in the North Pacific using a Lagrangian particle model, incorporating basin-wide atmospheric deposition and direct release from the Fukushima accident. Three experiments examined the impact of vertical diffusion and velocity on dispersion behavior. EXP01 and EXP02 assumed zero vertical velocity with different vertical diffusion coefficients (1 × 10 and 2 × 10 m/s, respectively), while EXP03 used a 3-day average vertical velocity and the same diffusion coefficient as EXP01.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Radioact
October 2023
Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos/EMBRAPA, R. Jardim Botânico, 1024, 22460-000, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Public concerns over environmental protection have increased after Fukushima accident. The soil-plant transfer factor (Fv) is a critical parameter for environmental risk assessment. Cs Fv values determined in acid Brazilian soils could be two orders of magnitude higher than Fv values measured in soils affected by the Chernobyl accident.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
December 2024
Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology, TU Dresden, Germany. Electronic address:
Globally, siltation of water reservoirs is a major risk and cost to the provision of fresh water. Therefore, managing reservoir sedimentation is a significant task for water management agencies. In Kenya, the Ruiru water reservoir, one of four water reservoirs supplying Nairobi with drinking water has experienced a significant loss of volume since construction in 1949.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Radioact
October 2024
School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1201 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan. Electronic address:
Photon transport simulations based on the Monte Carlo method have played a crucial role in assessing and estimating the ambient dose equivalent rates H*(10), resulting from the deposition of Cs in soil following the nuclear power plant accident in Fukushima. However, a comprehensive examination of the effect of vertical variations in soil properties on the simulation outcomes has not yet been performed. Disregarding the vertical distribution of soil properties not only leads to potential inaccuracies in the shielding responses of soil layers but also in the determination of the radioactive source inventory, particularly when using the concentration data in Bq/kg.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Radioact
September 2024
Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende s/n, CEP 22780-160, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
As today the Cs fallout peak, in sediment cores, corresponds only to 25% of its initial concentration, alternatives to the use of Cs as aPb sediment dating validation tool are proposed. In highly industrialized bays, such as Guanabara Bay in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan region, several chemical/compounds from the surrounding industry releases may be applied as validation tools. Chromium and copper profiles in a sediment core adequately fit the expected pattern due to the implementation of a chemical plant in 1958, reaching their maximum discharge in 1982 and subsequently decreasing due to the operation of a new wastewater treatment plant.
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