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The asymmetry of avian egg-shape: an adaptation for reproduction on dry land. | LitMetric

The asymmetry of avian egg-shape: an adaptation for reproduction on dry land.

J Anat

Department of Animal Resource Production, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Japan.

Published: June 2007

AI Article Synopsis

  • * This change in angle occurs in both fertile and infertile eggs, indicating that it is a result of the egg’s shape rather than fertility status.
  • * A 300-kDa protein was isolated from the inner shell membrane, which is crucial for gas exchange and helps maintain the egg's position during incubation, enhancing hatchability.

Article Abstract

The present study describes the biological meaning of the asymmetrical shape in avian reproduction using quail. During the incubation of eggs, water was gradually lost and the air chamber which appeared in between the inner and outer shell membranes at the blunt end expanded, so that the angle made by the long egg-axis and the horizontal line increased, presumably because the centre of gravity of the egg contents moved toward the sharp end. The increase in angle occurred in both fertile and infertile eggs, suggesting that this phenomenon occurs irrespective of fertility and is due to the asymmetrical shape. The increase in the volume of the air chamber resulted in an increase in the area of the inner shell membrane at the chamber to satisfy the amount of gas exchange needed by the developing embryo for better hatching. We isolated a 300-kDa protein from the inner shell membrane. It was produced by cells in the luminal epithelium of the oviductal isthmus and was found in the cortex of the fibres of shell membranes and a lining surrounding the air chamber. The lining comprised a medial layer between the inner and outer shell membranes in uterine eggs. The asymmetrical ellipsoid produces the air chamber at the blunt end of the avian egg during its sojourn in the oviductal isthmus, to maintain the blunt end up after oviposition and to raise that end during incubation in a dry environment, leading to high hatchability.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2375759PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00737.xDOI Listing

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