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Prevalence of Popular Smoking Cessation Aids in England and Associations With Quit Success.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Importance: A wide range of medications, noncombustible nicotine products, behavioral support, and alternative treatments are available in England to help people stop smoking. Understanding their effectiveness outside of clinical trial settings can support informed decision-making.
Objectives: To provide up-to-date estimates of the prevalence of different smoking cessation aids and associations with quit success and to explore moderation by socioeconomic position.
Content Validity of the Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia.
Neurol Ther
January 2025
Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 215 Church Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Introduction: The Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale-Activities of Daily Living (FARS-ADL) is a validated and highly utilized measure for evaluating patients with Friedreich Ataxia. While construct validity of FARS-ADL has been shown for spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), content validity has not been established.
Methods: Individuals with SCA1 or SCA3 (n = 7) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) with SCA expertise (n = 8) participated in qualitative interviews evaluating the relevance, clarity, and clinical meaningfulness of FARS-ADL for assessment of individuals with SCA.
Genome-wide association study of varenicline-aided smoking cessation.
Nicotine Tob Res
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Introduction: Varenicline is an α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist with the highest therapeutic efficacy of any pharmacological smoking cessation aid and a 12-month cessation rate of 26%. Genetic variation may be associated with varenicline response, but to date no genome-wide association studies of varenicline response have been published.
Methods: In this study, we investigated the genetic contribution to varenicline effectiveness using two electronic health record-derived phenotypes.
Interventions for quitting vaping.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Rationale: There is limited guidance on the best ways to stop using nicotine-containing vapes (otherwise known as e-cigarettes) and ensure long-term abstinence, whilst minimising the risk of tobacco smoking and other unintended consequences. Treatments could include pharmacological interventions, behavioural interventions, or both.
Objectives: To conduct a living systematic review assessing the benefits and harms of interventions to help people stop vaping compared to each other or to placebo or no intervention.
Nicotine metabolite ratio in people with HIV who smoke cigarettes receiving pharmacologic and behavioral cessation therapy.
Cancer Prev Res (Phila)
December 2024
University of Chicago Medical Center, United States.
People with HIV (PWH) smoke cigarettes at triple the rate of the general population in the US. Efforts to increase quit rates in this group have met with limited success. The nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) has shown promise as a phenotypic marker that may be useful in selecting the most appropriate cessation treatments for people who smoke cigarettes.
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