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Nicotine is an irritant molecule in the cigarette that contributes airway hyper-reactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of these effects and effects of nicotine on the isolated trachea preparations from control and ovalbumin-sensitized guinea-pigs. Nicotine (3x10(-5) to 3x10(-4) M) produced concentration-dependent relaxation on isolated trachea preparations precontracted by carbachol (10(-6) M) in both groups. We found that the relaxant effect of nicotine decreased in the presence of N(w)-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (10(-6) M), and hexamethonium (10(-2) M) but not in the presence of alpha-bungarotoxin (10(-3) M), and tetrodotoxin (3.1x10(-6) M) in isolated trachea preparations in both groups. The relaxant effect of nicotine was less significant in isolated trachea preparations from ovalbumin-sensitized guinea-pigs than from control guinea-pigs (P<0.05). The contractions elicited by carbachol (10(-6) M) were not significantly different in the ovalbumin-sensitized group than in the control group. Nicotine (10(-4) M) significantly increased the cGMP levels in trachea preparations compared with the control preparations.(P<0.05). These results suggest that nicotine-induced relaxation response in normal and ovalbumin sensitized guinea-pigs trachea is at least in part mediated by nitric oxide (NO) since it was significantly reduced in the presence of L-NAME. The decreased relaxation response to nicotine in ovalbumin sensitized guinea-pigs trachea may be due to impaired production and/or liberation of NO.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.03.049 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a complex disease pattern in which pathogenesis polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMN) play a key role. In previous experiments, we could show that interaction with collagen III (an important component of pulmonary tissue) is a possible trigger of neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. To investigate possible correlations, further elucidate ARDS pathophysiology, and maybe find pharmacological targets, we evaluated PMNs from blood (circulating PMNs: cPMNs) and tracheal secretion (tPMNs) from patients with and without ARDS with regard to function and phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Fırat, Elazig, Turkey.
Small ruminant babesiosis remains a neglected disease despite causing significant economic losses to sheep and goat herds in many regions around the world. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of ovine babesiosis are well-known, but there is a lack of information regarding caprine babesiosis. Since the discovery of the first Babesia spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVestn Otorinolaringol
November 2024
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
Respir Res
November 2024
Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Lewis Katz Medical School, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
Background: Rhinoviruses (RV) are the major cause of common colds in healthy individuals and are associated with acute exacerbations in patients with chronic lung diseases. Yet, no vaccines or effective treatment against RV are available. This study investigated the effect of Euphorbium compositum SN (ECSN6), a multicomponent, multitarget medication made from natural ingredients, on the mucosal barrier network during RV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirol J
October 2024
Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Agronomy and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Rabat-Instituts, Rabat, BP 6202, Morocco.
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