The study was purposed to investigate the proliferation and the suppression effect of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) on human promyelocyte cell line HL-60, and to study whether hCMV can induce apoptosis of HL-60 via direct infection in vitro and its mechanism. Promyelocyte cell line HL-60 and hCMV AD169 strain were co-cultured. PCR was used to detect the direct infection of HL-60 cells by hCMV IEA expression. The apoptosis cells were analyzed by morphologic observation, DNA ladder formation, flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI stain. The results indicated that hCMV AD169 suppressed the differentiation and proliferation of HL-60 cells in vitro significantly (P < 0.05). The suppression was dose-dependent. hCMV DNA was successfully detected in HL-60 cells of viral infection groups by PCR. The apoptotic cells were confirmed by morphologic observation and DNA ladder formation. The results of flow cytometry showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells increased along with the increase of hCMV titer and the time after infection. It is concluded that the promyelocyte can be infected directly by hCMV AD169 strain. hCMV AD169 strain inhibited the differentiation and proliferation of promyelocyte. The apoptosis of HL-60 cells can be induced by hCMV infection. With the increase of viral infectious titer and the time after infection, the percentage of apoptotic cells also increase and produce in dose-dependent and time- dependent manner. Induced apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of granulocytopenia induced by hCMV infection.
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