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Vascular risk factors are associated with grey matter atrophy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
Eur J Neurol
January 2025
Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Background: Comorbidities including vascular risk factors can be associated with whole and regional brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS). This has been examined in mixed MS cohorts in prospective or observational studies; however, the association between vascular comorbidities (VCM) in secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and brain atrophy has been less well studied. The aim was to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between VCM, comorbidity burden and brain atrophy in SPMS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAge-dependent changes in CT vertebral attenuation values in opportunistic screening for osteoporosis: a nationwide multi-center study.
Eur Radiol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Objectives: To examine how vertebral attenuation changes with aging, and to establish age-adjusted CT attenuation value cutoffs for diagnosing osteoporosis.
Materials And Methods: This multi-center retrospective study included 11,246 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 50 ± 13 years; 7139 men) who underwent CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in six health-screening centers between 2022 and 2023. Using deep-learning-based software, attenuation values of L1 vertebral bodies were measured.
Obesity with low bone mineral density is a risk for cerebral small-vessel disease in older adults: The Bunkyo Health Study.
Obes Res Clin Pract
December 2024
Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Background: Cerebral small-vessel disease (cSVD), a key risk factor for stroke and dementia, has been linked to obesity and low bone mineral density (BMD). While obesity and low BMD are often inversely related, their coexistence may increase cSVD risk. We aimed to assess the prevalence of obesity and low BMD coexistence and its association with increased cSVD prevalence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation Between Air Pollution and Osteoporosis with High-Risk Populations: A Narrative Review.
Curr Osteoporos Rep
November 2024
Research and Management Center for Health Risk of Particulate Matter, Seoul, South Korea.
Purpose Of Review: Air pollution has been raised as a novel risk factor for osteoporosis, which impose a huge burden on both individuals and society. Thus, summarizing and discussing previous results on the association between ambient air pollution and osteoporosis can be informative in synthesizing the current evidence and improving relevant action plans.
Recent Findings: Recent studies reported that long-term exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and related outcomes; however, the studied populations, air pollutants, areas, and results on high-risk populations are heterogeneous.
Real-world clinical outcomes and rationale for initiating abatacept as a first-line biologic for patients with anticitrullinated protein antibody- and rheumatoid factor-positive rheumatoid arthritis.
J Comp Eff Res
December 2024
Arthritis & Osteoporosis Consultants of the Carolinas, Charlotte, NC 28207, USA.
Article Synopsis
- In rheumatoid arthritis, having both anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) indicates more severe disease and can affect treatment outcomes; abatacept is a recommended biologic treatment for those who don't respond to traditional medications.
- A study tracking 296 RA patients treated with abatacept showed significant improvement in clinical disease activity over 12 months, with mean disease activity scores decreasing by up to 74% after treatment.
- Among patients who initially had high disease activity, about 71% achieved low disease activity or remission during the follow-up, and serious adverse events were reported in only 2.4% of cases, highlighting abatacept's effectiveness and safety.
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