The changes in the activity of cell nuclear sphingomyelinase at different times of activation of RNA and DNA syntheses in regenerating rat liver were studied. A comparative analysis of the intranuclear content of sphingomyelin and the primary product of the sphingomyelinase reaction, ceramide, as well as of other classes of phospholipids and neutral lipids, was carried out. The changes in the sphingomyelin and ceramide content in the nuclei during the induction of synthetic processes were more conspicuous as compared with other phospholipid classes. Neutral lipids of cell nuclei were also shown to undergo substantial changes. The mechanism of possible involvement of sphingomyelin and other lipids in the regulation of replication and transcription processes is discussed.
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