Background: Capecitabine is a highly effective and well-tolerated treatment for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and extends survival when combined with docetaxel. Capecitabine and cyclophosphamide are orally administered and have preclinical synergy and non-overlapping toxicities.
Patients And Methods: Sixteen pretreated MBC patients received escalating doses of oral capecitabine 628 to 829 mg/m2 twice daily (bid) plus oral cyclophosphamide 33 to 50 mg/m2 bid, on days 1 to 14 every 21 days.
Results: Among the ten patients receiving capecitabine/cyclophosphamide 829/33 mg/m2 bid on days 1 to 14, two experienced dose-limiting toxicities (DLT, treatment delay > 1 week due to grade 2 leukopenia). Because neither patient developed further grade > 1 toxicity and none of the patients experienced grade 3/4 toxicities or further DLTs, this dose level is the recommended regimen, producing partial responses in two of five evaluable patients.
Conclusion: The recommended all oral capecitabine/cyclophosphamide combination regimen is well tolerated and active in MBC, and is being evaluated in a phase II study in anthracycline-pretreated MBC.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Tackling antineoplastic drugs' contamination in healthcare settings: New insights on surface cleaning approaches.
J Occup Environ Hyg
January 2025
EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Effective decontamination of hospital surfaces is crucial to protect workers from antineoplastic drugs (ADs) since dermal absorption is the main exposure route to these hazardous medicinal products. Sampling after daily cleaning in oncologic settings from a tertiary hospital was initially performed and exhibited low contamination levels; however, cyclophosphamide was still found (up to 957 pg/cm) above the guidance value (100 pg/cm) in four locations, evidencing the need to properly assess and update the cleaning protocols. Then, cleaning efficiencies of six solutions and different protocols were evaluated (including, for the first time, four commercial cleaning solutions/disinfectants not designed specifically for AD removal) after deliberate contamination of three model surfaces with 13 pharmaceuticals: bicalutamide, capecitabine, cyclophosphamide, cyproterone, doxorubicin, etoposide, flutamide, ifosfamide, imatinib, megestrol, mycophenolate mofetil, paclitaxel, and prednisone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnusual outcome of treatment of thymoma with immunotherapy: case report.
Mediastinum
November 2024
Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Background: Thymoma is a rare mediastinal neoplasm originating from thymic epithelial cells, often associated with paraneoplastic syndromes. These syndromes can manifest as a range of autoimmune disorders, including myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and aplastic anemia. Clinical trials involving the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in thymoma have been complicated by a high incidence of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted and cytotoxic inhibitors used in the treatment of breast cancer.
Pharmacol Res
December 2024
Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research, 221 Haywood Knolls Drive, Hendersonville, NC 28791, United States. Electronic address:
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Surgery and radiation therapy are localized therapies for early-stage and metastatic breast cancer. The management of breast cancer is determined in large part by the HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), HR (hormone receptor), ER (estrogen receptor), and PR (progesterone receptor) status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals in the environment: A strategy for prioritizing molecules of environmental concern.
Chemosphere
November 2024
Laboratory of Integrated Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, CEP 09972-270, Brazil; Department of Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Ecology and Nature Conservancy (LECON), Group of Landscape Ecology and Conservation Planning (LEPLAN), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, CEP 09972-270, Brazil; Antimicrobial Resistance Institute of São Paulo (ARIES), São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * The proposed strategy focuses on antineoplastics with low biodegradability and significant ecological risks, utilizing data from São Paulo, Brazil, to predict the mass of these drugs entering waterways and creating a prioritization index based on multiple risk factors.
- * Key prioritized antineoplastics identified include Paclitaxel and Cisplatin, highlighting the strategy's versatility for adapting to different contexts and improving drug environmental impact assessments.
Metronomic chemotherapy using capecitabine and cyclophosphamide in metastatic breast cancer - efficacy, tolerability and quality of life results from the phase II METRO trial.
Breast
December 2024
Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Background: Chemotherapy is commonly used in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) to prolong life and improve quality of life (QoL). The optimal dosing and sequencing beyond the second line of treatment are unknown and pose a risk of overtreatment. Continuous low oral doses of metronomic chemotherapy using capecitabine 500 mg three times daily and cyclophosphamide 50 mg once daily (MCT-CX) may be an effective and tolerable treatment option for patients with MBC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!