Stereolithographic models for surgical planning in congenital heart surgery.

Purpose: Currently we are exploring the impact of using rapid prototyping techniques for surgical planning and intraoperative orientation during the correction of complex congenital malformation.

Description: We studied a patient with a left abnormal subclavian artery and right descending aorta as a rare cause of dyspnea and dysphagia. The patient was examined by magnetic resonance imaging angiography. The image data were visualized and reconstructed. Afterward a replica of the malformation was fabricated using a rapid prototyping machine. In addition, a stereolithographic model of an intracardiac lesion (ventricular septal defect) was fabricated with data obtained from a computed tomographic scan.

Evaluation: Using data derived from a magnetic resonance imaging angiography or computed tomographic scan linked to proprietary software, we were able to create three-dimensional reconstructions of complex vascular pathology and intracardiac lesions. In addition, we fabricated replicas of congenital malformations using a rapid prototyping machine. The models could be sterilized and taken to the operating room for orientation during the corrective surgical procedure.

Conclusions: Stereolithographic replicas are helpful for choosing treatment strategies, surgical planning of corrections, and intraoperative orientation, and as demonstrations on life-like models for the patient.