The role of the human amygdala in real social interactions remains essentially unknown, although studies in nonhuman primates and studies using photographs and video in humans have shown it to be critical for emotional processing and suggest its importance for social cognition. We show here that complete amygdala lesions result in a severe reduction in direct eye contact during conversations with real people, together with an abnormal increase in gaze to the mouth. These novel findings from real social interactions are consistent with an hypothesized role for the amygdala in autism and the approach taken here opens up new directions for quantifying social behavior in humans.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6672539 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3789-06.2007 | DOI Listing |
J Autism Dev Disord
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
There is a substantial time gap between when parents develop concerns about their child (ages 1-2) and when they receive a diagnosis of autism (ages 3-5), delaying the onset of critical interventions. Few studies have examined how the timing, type, and quantity of early parental concerns are associated with age of diagnosis. The aims of this study were to describe characteristics of parents' concerns in a large community-based sample and explore how characteristics of concerns relate to age of diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan.
Online meetings have become increasingly prevalent, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Although they offer convenience and effectiveness in various contexts, there is a pertinent question about whether they truly replicate the richness of in-person communication. This study delves into the distinctions between online and face-to-face interactions, with a particular focus on the synchronization of brain activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Intellect Disabil
January 2025
Pro Vice Chancellor, Staffordshire University, UK.
Background: Autism spectrum disorder poses challenges in social communication and behavior, while Intellectual disabilities are characterized by deficits in cognitive, social, and adaptive skills, frequently accompanied by stereotypies and challenging behaviors. Despite the progress made in autism spectrum disorder research, there is often a lack of research focusing on individuals with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Robot-assisted autism therapies are effective in addressing these needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOphthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Warrington Hospital, Warrington, United Kingdom.
Purpose: The study aimed to assess the efficacy and recurrence rate of everting sutures as a sole procedure in entropion repair, its impact on quality of life during the coronavirus disease pandemic, and to determine if this procedure remains an option to offer after the pandemic.
Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study.
Methods: Retrospective study of 58 patients who had everting sutures for entropion repair over a 1-year period.
Eye Vis (Lond)
January 2025
Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Optometry and Vision Science, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Purpose: To explore the associations between myopia defocus dosage (MDD), aberration coefficients (primary spherical aberration and coma), and axial elongation in children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho-k) with back optic zone diameters (BOZD) of 5 mm and 6 mm over 2 years.
Methods: Data from 80 participants from two ortho-k studies were analyzed: 22 and 58 children wore lenses with 5-mm and 6-mm BOZD, respectively. Four MDD metrics were calculated from corneal topography data over a 5-mm pupil for the 1-month and 24-month visits: the circumferential, flat, steep, and volumetric MDD.
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