A novel approach to X-ray diffraction data analysis for nondestructive determination of the shape of nanoscale particles and clusters in three-dimensions is illustrated with representative examples of composite nanostructures. The technique is insensitive to the X-ray coherence, which allows 3-D reconstruction of a modal image without tomographic synthesis and in situ analysis of large (over a several cubic millimeters) volume of material with a spatial resolution of few nanometers, rendering the approach suitable for laboratory facilities.
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