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Role of HLA-B*58:01-restricted CD8+ T cells in HIV-1 subtype AE infection.
J Infect Dis
September 2024
Division of International Collaboration Research and Tokyo Joint Laboratory, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto/Tokyo, Japan.
HLA-B*58:01 and HLA-B*57 are protective alleles against HIV-1 subtype B or C infection whereas these HLA alleles have not been reported as protective in HIV-1 subtype AE infection. Although HLA-B*58:01-restricted and HLA-B*57-restricted HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells have been thoroughly analyzed in subtype B or C infection, they have only been partially analyzed in subtype AE infection. We identified six HLA-B*58:01-restricted subtype AE epitopes in Vietnamese individuals infected with subtype AE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhole genome sequencing reveals population diversity and variation in HIV-1 specific host genes.
Front Genet
December 2023
Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
HIV infection continues to be a major global public health issue. The population heterogeneity in susceptibility or resistance to HIV-1 and progression upon infection is attributable to, among other factors, host genetic variation. Therefore, identifying population-specific variation and genetic modifiers of HIV infectivity can catapult the invention of effective strategies against HIV-1 in African populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe co-expression of inhibitory receptors (IRs) is a hallmark of CD8+ T-cell exhaustion (Tex) in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Understanding alterations of IRs expression in PLWH on long-term antiretroviral treatment (ART) remains elusive but is critical to overcoming CD8+ Tex and designing novel HIV-1 cure immunotherapies. To address this, we combine high-dimensional supervised and unsupervised analysis of IRs concomitant with functional markers across the CD8+ T-cell landscape on 24 PLWH over a decade on ART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV-1 remission and possible cure in a woman after haplo-cord blood transplant.
Cell
March 2023
IMPAACT Operations Center, FHI 360, 359 Blackwell St, Ste 200, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
Previously, two men were cured of HIV-1 through CCR5Δ32 homozygous (CCR5Δ32/Δ32) allogeneic adult stem cell transplant. We report the first remission and possible HIV-1 cure in a mixed-race woman who received a CCR5Δ32/Δ32 haplo-cord transplant (cord blood cells combined with haploidentical stem cells from an adult) to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Peripheral blood chimerism was 100% CCR5Δ32/Δ32 cord blood by week 14 post-transplant and persisted through 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly intervention with 3BNC117 and romidepsin at antiretroviral treatment initiation in people with HIV-1: a phase 1b/2a, randomized trial.
Nat Med
November 2022
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Attempts to reduce the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir and induce antiretroviral therapy (ART)-free virologic control have largely been unsuccessful. In this phase 1b/2a, open-label, randomized controlled trial using a four-group factorial design, we investigated whether early intervention in newly diagnosed people with HIV-1 with a monoclonal anti-HIV-1 antibody with a CD4-binding site, 3BNC117, followed by a histone deacetylase inhibitor, romidepsin, shortly after ART initiation altered the course of HIV-1 infection ( NCT03041012 ). The trial was undertaken in five hospitals in Denmark and two hospitals in the United Kingdom.
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