The application of microwave irradiation to solid-phase peptide synthesis increases product purity and reduces reaction time. Parallel synthesis in 96-well polypropylene filter plates with microwave irradiation is an efficient method for the rapid generation of combinatorial peptide libraries in sufficient purity to assay the products directly for biological activity without HPLC purification. In this protocol, the solid-phase support is arrayed into each well of a 96-well plate, reagents are delivered using a multichannel pipette and a microwave reactor is used to complete peptide coupling reactions in 6 min and Fmoc-removal reactions in 4 min under temperature-controlled conditions. The microwave-assisted parallel peptide synthesis protocol has been used to generate a library of difficult hexa-beta-peptides in 61% average initial purity (50% yield) and has been applied to the preparation of longer alpha- and beta-peptides. Using this protocol, a library of 96 different hexapeptides can be synthesized in 24 h (excluding characterization).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2007.23 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Sublethal tumor cells have an urgent need for energy, making it common for them to switch metabolic phenotypes between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for compensatory energy supply; thus, the synchronous interference of dual metabolic pathways for limiting energy level is essential in inhibiting sublethal tumor growth. Herein, a multifunctional nanoplatform of Co-MOF-loaded anethole trithione (ADT) and myristyl alcohol (MA), modified with GOx and hyaluronic acid (HA) was developed, namely, CAMGH. It could synchronously interfere with dual metabolic pathways including glycolysis and OXPHOS to restrict the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply, achieving the inhibition to sublethal tumors after microwave (MW) thermal therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Intervent Radiol
January 2025
Interventional Radiology, The Royal Marsden, 203 Fulham Road, London, SW36JJ, UK.
Purpose: Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) may be performed immediately following microwave liver ablation for assessment of ablative margins. However, practices and protocols vary among institutions. Here, we compare a standardized bolus-tracked biphasic CECT protocol and compare this with a single venous phase fixed delay protocol for ablation zone (AZ) assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Dermatol Res
January 2025
Hautpartner Lübeck, Lindenplatz 6, 23554, Lübeck, Germany.
Plantar warts, or verrucae plantares, are skin lesions on the soles of the feet caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). These warts are prevalent and affect up to 33% of children and 3.5% of adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
December 2024
Nano Science and Nano Engineering Department, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
The main purpose of this study is to prepare a melamine aniline formaldehyde foam, an MAF copolymer, with lower water sensitivity and non-flammability properties obtained by the condensation reaction of melamine, aniline, and formaldehyde. In addition, the preparation of MAFF composites with organoclay reinforcement was determined as a secondary target in order to obtain better mechanical strength, heat, and sound insulation properties. For the synthesis of foams, the microwave irradiation technique, which offers advantages such as faster reactions, high yields and purities, and reduced curing times, was used together with the heating technique and the effect of organoclay content on the structural and textural properties of foams and both heat insulation and mechanical stability was investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland.
The photocatalytic reduction of CO to useful products is an area of active research because it shows a potential to be an efficient tool for mitigating climate change. This work investigated the modification of titania with copper(II) nitrate and its impact on improving the CO reduction efficiency in a gas-phase batch photoreactor under UV-Vis irradiation. The investigated photocatalysts were prepared by treating P25-copper(II) nitrate suspensions (with various Cu concentrations), alkalized with ammonia water, in a microwave-assisted solvothermal reactor.
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