This paper aims to provide an informative discussion with underpinning rationales about the use of a problem-based learning (PBL) classroom model, supported by a structured process for undertaking PBL. PBL was implemented as a main teaching and learning strategy for a diploma in nursing programme as advised by the Department of Health [Department of Health., 1999. Making a difference: Strengthening the Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting Contribution to Health and Health Care. Department of Health, London.] and the United Kingdom Central Council for nurses, midwifes and health visitors [United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting, 1999. Fitness for Practice. UKCC, London.]. The implementation and change to the PBL approach is not without challenges, and so it was considered important to facilitate this change effectively. Through ongoing reflection, peer discussions and continuous review of the literature following studies at Masters Level, it was identified that the design of a model may guide students and facilitators who were new to the PBL process to help students identify relevant learning needs and thus enable them to achieve the learning outcomes of a dynamic curriculum [Darvill, A., 2000. Developing Problem-based Learning in the Nursing Education Curriculum: A Case Study. Unpublished MSc Dissertation, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield; McLoughlin, M., 2002. An Exploration of the Role of the Problem-based Learning Facilitator: An Ethnographic Study of Role Transition in a Higher Education Institution 'Paradigm Shift or New Ways of Working'. Unpublished MSc Dissertation. University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield.]. In this paper the key components of the model will be described.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2006.04.010 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
In human activity-recognition scenarios, including head and entire body pose and orientations, recognizing the pose and direction of a pedestrian is considered a complex problem. A person may be traveling in one sideway while focusing his attention on another side. It is occasionally desirable to analyze such orientation estimates using computer-vision tools for automated analysis of pedestrian behavior and intention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
The design of new alloys is a multiscale problem that requires a holistic approach that involves retrieving relevant knowledge, applying advanced computational methods, conducting experimental validations, and analyzing the results, a process that is typically slow and reserved for human experts. Machine learning can help accelerate this process, for instance, through the use of deep surrogate models that connect structural and chemical features to material properties, or vice versa. However, existing data-driven models often target specific material objectives, offering limited flexibility to integrate out-of-domain knowledge and cannot adapt to new, unforeseen challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Word problems are essential for math learning and education, bridging numerical knowledge with real-world applications. Despite their importance, the neural mechanisms underlying word problem solving, especially in children, remain poorly understood. Here, we examine children's cognitive and brain response profiles for arithmetic word problems (AWPs), which involve one-step mathematical operations, and compare them with nonarithmetic word problems (NWPs), structured as parallel narratives without numerical operations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Imaging
January 2025
School of Artificial Intelligence, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
For surveillance video management in university laboratories, issues such as occlusion and low-resolution face capture often arise. Traditional face recognition algorithms are typically static and rely heavily on clear images, resulting in inaccurate recognition for low-resolution, small-sized faces. To address the challenges of occlusion and low-resolution person identification, this paper proposes a new face recognition framework by reconstructing Retinaface-Resnet and combining it with Quality-Adaptive Margin (adaface).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomimetics (Basel)
January 2025
Laboratory for Robot Mobility Localization and Scene Deep Learning Technology, Guizhou Equipment Manufacturing Polytechnic, Guiyang 550025, China.
In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has advanced significantly, enabling its widespread use in critical applications such as surveillance, search and rescue, and environmental monitoring. However, planning reliable, safe, and economical paths for UAVs in real-world environments remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a multi-strategy improved red-tailed hawk (IRTH) algorithm for UAV path planning in real environments.
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