Angiosarcoma of the liver is a rare malignant tumor which has been associated with occupational exposure to vinyl chloride (VC). We have determined by ELISA the level of von Willebrand factor (vWf) in the serums of 107 VC-exposed workers, active or retired, and of 133 blood donors used as controls. The vWf level was slightly but significantly higher in the VC-exposed group than in the control group (P = 0.035). Seventeen VC-exposed workers exhibited a raised level of vWf, with no biochemical sign of hepatic disturbance, nor any evidence of illness; only one of them exhibited elevated alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase values. The vWf serum level of 3 patients with hepatic angiosarcoma associated to VC-exposure was markedly elevated. These increased levels of vWf in VC-exposed workers most likely reflect an increased activity of liver endothelial cells; whether an elevated level of vWf could be associated with increased risk of developing liver angiosarcoma remains to be determined.
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The lymphocyte cytokinesis block micronucleus test in human populations occupationally exposed to vinyl chloride: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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October 2017
Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Vinyl chloride (VC) is widely used in industry in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is used to manufacture a large variety of materials. VC was classified as a known (Group 1) human carcinogen by IARC on the basis of increased risk for liver angiosarcoma and hepatocellular cancer, and the carcinogenicity of VC was shown to be mediated by a genotoxic mechanism. Following inhalation, the compound is rapidly absorbed and metabolized in the liver to the electrophilic metabolites chloroethylene-oxide and chloroacetaldehyde, which form DNA adducts that can be processed into point mutations in cancer-related genes detected in humans and rats exposed to VC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Effects of polymorphisms in XRCC1 and APE1 on vinyl chloride-induced chromosome damage].
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi
May 2014
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Objective: To evaluate the effects of polymorphisms in XRCC1 and APE1 genes on vinyl chloride (VC)-induced chromosomal damage in peripheral lymphocytes.
Methods: In this study, 317 workers occupationally exposed to VC were recruited from a factory in Shandong Province, China. The micronucleus (MN) frequency in peripheral lymphocytes was used as an indicator of chromosomal damage.
Polymorphisms in the p53 pathway genes and micronucleus occurrence in Chinese vinyl chloride-exposed workers.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health
December 2013
Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Objectives: To investigate the association between polymorphisms in the p53 pathway genes and chromosomal damage in vinyl chloride (VC)-exposed workers.
Materials And Methods: Cytokinesis block micronucleus test was performed in 310 VC-exposed workers and 149 non-exposed workers to determine chromosomal damage. The polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique were used to detect six SNPs in the p53 pathway genes involved in the cell cycle.
Prevalence and persistence of chromosomal damage and susceptible genotypes of metabolic and DNA repair genes in Chinese vinyl chloride-exposed workers.
Carcinogenesis
April 2010
Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, China.
Vinyl chloride (VC) was classified as a group 1 carcinogen by IARC in 1987. Although the relationship between VC exposure and liver cancer has been established, the mechanism of VC-related carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Previous epidemiological studies have shown that VC exposure is associated with increased genotoxicity in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVinyl chloride and liver and brain cancer at a polymer production plant in Louisville, Kentucky.
J Occup Environ Med
May 2003
University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
Studies of overlapping cohorts in the United States have shown an excess mortality from brain cancer in vinyl chloride (VC)-exposed workers. One plant located in Louisville, Kentucky, is included in many of these studies. We separated this plant from the large US cohort and re-analyzed the mortality experience.
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