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Cureus
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, IND.
Ectopic breast tissue (EBT) represents a congenital anomaly caused by incomplete regression of mammary ridges at the time of embryonic development. Typically, EBT presents along the mammary line, although usually in the axillary region, it has been located occasionally in unusual sites such as the vulva. Though relatively rare, it is generally subject to a wide range of pathologies that afflict normal breast tissue, encompassing both benign and malignant transformations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Nephrol
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey.
Autosomal recessive proximal renal tubular acidosis (AR-pRTA) with ocular abnormalities is a rare syndrome caused by variants in the SLC4A4 gene, which encodes Na/HCO3 cotransporter (NBCe1). The syndrome primarily affects the kidneys, but also causes extra-renal manifestations. Pancreatic type NBCe1 is located at the basolateral membrane of the pancreatic ductal cells and together with CFTR chloride channel, it is involved in bicarbonate secretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect
January 2025
Section of Benign Hematology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
Introduction: Cobalamin deficiency (CD) due to pernicious anemia (PA) leads to hyperhomocystinemia, a risk factor for thrombosis. However, the clinical presentations and outcomes of hyperhomocystinemia-associated thrombosis (HAT) are not fully understood.
Methods: We undertook a literature search using PUBMED, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE databases for the terms "pernicious anemia AND thrombosis", "pernicious anemia AND embolism", "pernicious anemia AND thromboembolism", "autoimmune gastritis AND thrombosis", "autoimmune gastritis AND embolism", "autoimmune gastritis AND thromboembolism" through January 2024 and reviewed the published literature.
Port J Card Thorac Vasc Surg
January 2025
Thoracic Surgery Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Portugal.
Molecules
January 2025
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 29, Moscow 119991, Russia.
In this study, the homogeneous carboxylation of potassium, sodium, and lithium phenolates in DMSO solution at 100 °C by the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction was investigated. The impact of water, phenolate concentration, and cation nature on the yield of products and reaction selectivity was demonstrated. Based on the patterns observed, it was concluded that a complex cluster mechanism governs the carboxylation reaction in the solution.
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