Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging paramyxovirus capable of infecting and causing disease in a variety of mammalian species, including humans. The virus infects its host cells through the coordinated functions of its fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoproteins, the latter of which is responsible for binding the virus receptors ephrinB2 and ephrinB3. In order to identify the receptor binding site, a panel of G glycoprotein constructs containing mutations was generated using an alanine-scanning mutagenesis strategy. Based on a predicted G structure, charged amino acids residing in regions that could be homologous to those in the measles virus H attachment glycoprotein known to be involved in its protein receptor interaction were targeted. Using a coprecipitation-based assay, seven single-amino-acid substitutions in HeV G were identified as having significantly impaired binding to both the ephrinB2 and ephrinB3 viral receptors: D257A, D260A, G439A, K443A, G449A, K465A, and D468A. The impairment of receptor interaction conferred a concomitant diminution in their abilities to promote membrane fusion when coexpressed with F. The G glycoprotein mutants were also recognized by three or more conformation-dependent monoclonal antibodies of a panel of five, were expressed on the cell surface, and retained their abilities to bind and coprecipitate F. Interestingly, some of these mutant G glycoproteins coprecipitated with F more efficiently than wild-type G. Taken together, these data provide strong biochemical and functional evidence that some of these residues could be part of a conformation-dependent, discontinuous, and overlapping ephrinB2 and -B3 binding domain within the HeV G glycoprotein.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1900305 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02022-06 | DOI Listing |
Pathology
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) have been emerging and re-emerging worldwide, and the Australasia region has not been spared. Enterovirus A71 and enterovirus D68, both human enteroviruses, are likely to replace the soon-to-be eradicated poliovirus to cause global outbreaks associated with neurological disease. Although prevalent elsewhere, the newly emergent orthoflavivirus, Japanese encephalitis virus (genotype IV), caused human infections in Australia in 2021, and almost certainly will continue to do so because of spillovers from the natural animal host-vector life cycle endemic in the country.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Public Health
February 2025
Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China. Electronic address:
In 2022, Langya henipavirus was identified in patients with fever in eastern China. This study provides an overview of the scientific landscape, highlights research focus areas, and outlines potential future investigations. The relevant scientific literature was systematically searched and reviewed via advanced bibliometric techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Immunol Immunopathol
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan. Electronic address:
The Hendra virus (HeV) has resulted in epidemics of respiratory and neurological illnesses in animals. Humans have contracted diseases with high fatality rates as a result of infected domestic animals, but effective vaccinations and therapies are currently not available against HeV. Herein, we analyzed the proteome of HeV and constructed an effective and innovative multi-epitope vaccine using immunoinformatics techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Dermatol
February 2025
Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
Clin Microbiol Rev
December 2024
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
SUMMARYHenipaviruses were first identified 30 years ago and have since been associated with over 30 outbreaks of disease in humans. Highly pathogenic henipaviruses include Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV), classified as biosafety level 4 pathogens. In addition, NiV has been listed as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), and the UK Vaccines Research and Development Network (UKVN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!