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The Global Burden of Emerging and Re-Emerging Orbiviruses in Livestock: An Emphasis on Bluetongue Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus.
Viruses
December 2024
School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are vector-borne orbiviruses that pose an emerging threat to livestock, including cattle and sheep. This review summarizes the global distribution, genetic diversity, and key factors driving their spread along with the existing knowledge gaps and recommendations to mitigate their impact. Both viruses cause hemorrhagic disease in susceptible ruminants and are commonly reported in tropical and subtropical regions including North America, Asia, Africa, Oceania, and some parts of Europe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular surveillance of FMD epidemiology is a fundamental tool for advancing our understanding of virus biology, monitoring virus evolution, and guiding vaccine design. The accessibility of genetic data will facilitate a more comprehensive delineation of FMDV phylogeny on a global scale. In this study, we investigated the FMDV strains circulating in Russia during the 2013-2014 period in geographically distant regions utilizing whole genome sequencing followed by maximum-likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction of whole genome and VP1 gene sequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFserovar Schwarzengrund: Distribution, Virulence, and Antimicrobial Resistance.
Microorganisms
January 2025
Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
The global incidence of serovar Schwarzengrund has risen in recent years. This serotype has been isolated from poultry, retail meat, and other food products, leading to multiple outbreaks. Alongside the increase in infections, there are growing concerns about the increasing levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among Schwarzengrund strains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrobial Resistance Genes in Clinical Strains from Livestock and Poultry in Shandong Province, China During 2015-2020.
Antibiotics (Basel)
January 2025
Shandong Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Centre for Zoonotic Disease Surveillance, Jinan 250100, China.
Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) () isolated from animals may lead to antibiotic treatment failure and economic losses to farmers. The co-existence of antimicrobial resistant genes (ARGs) in the same isolate presents a major challenge for the prevention and control of infection in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative organisms. There have been a lot of studies on the antibiotic resistance of in livestock and poultry, but few of them have focused on clinical pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical and microbiological characteristics of invasive diseases due to Haemophilus influenzae in the Minami Ibaraki Area, Japan.
J Infect Chemother
January 2025
Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan.
Introduction: We investigated clinical and microbiological characteristics of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease (IHD) during recent 20 years in the Minami Ibaraki Area.
Methods: H. influenzae strains isolated from the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid in 5 hospitals located in this area between 2001 and 2020 (the pre-vaccination period [PreVP]: 2001-2010, the post-vaccination period [PostVP]: 2011-2020) were consecutively collected.
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