This paper briefly surveys the trend of and controversy surrounding empirical validation in psychotherapy. Empirical validation of hypnotherapy has paralleled the practice of validation in psychotherapy and the professionalization of clinical psychology, in general. This evolution in determining what counts as evidence for bona fide clinical practice has gone from theory-driven clinical approaches in the 1960s and 1970s through critical attempts at categorization of empirically supported therapies in the 1990s on to the concept of evidence-based practice in 2006. Implications of this progression in professional psychology are discussed in the light of hypnosis's current quest for validation and empirical accreditation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207140601177871 | DOI Listing |
Plast Reconstr Surg
December 2024
Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
Background: Despite the recent steep rise in the use of prepectoral direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction, concerns remain regarding the potentially risk of complications, resulting in the selective application of the technique; however, the selection process was empirically based on the operator's decision. Using patient and operation-related factors, this study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting postoperative complications following prepectoral DTI reconstruction.
Methods: Between August 2019 and March 2023, immediate prepectoral DTI was performed for all patients deemed suitable for one-stage implant-based reconstruction.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Departments of Psychiatry and Biostatistics, University of Iowa, IA, USA.
The Huntington's Disease Integrated Staging System (HD-ISS) comprises a biological research definition of HD and evidence-based staging centered on prognostic biological, clinical, and functional landmarks. It is the result of a formal consensus process within the Huntington's Disease Regulatory Science Consortium's Regulatory Science Forum (RSF), a working group made up of expert representatives from industry and academia. The RSF considered prognostic biomarkers, signs, and symptoms of HD, and performed empirical data analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: While the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ), β-amyloid 1-40 (Aβ), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau) can detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology during life, there is a need to evaluate CSF cutpoints for specific application in Lewy body spectrum disorders (LBSD) in order to maximize detection to AD co-pathology. Using the Fujirebio LUMIPULSE G, we developed LBSD-derived cutpoints for CSF biomarkers and their ratios (Aβ/Aβ, p-tau/Aβ, t-tau/Aβ) to determine which best discriminates αSyn with AD (αSyn+AD) from αSyn without (αSyn). We compared our LBSD-derived cutpoints to the established AD-derived cutpoints.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A lesson of the recent progress in Alzheimer's Disease therapy is that biomarker-driven trials will be crucial to demonstrating efficacy in the clinic. Many studies have demonstrated the potential predictive power of fluid and imaging biomarkers in guiding patient selection and continued progress of precision medicine approaches will demand development of multi-dimensional biomarker arrays. However, correlations between candidate biomarkers change non-linearly with time, requiring methodologies to align biomarkers across a common disease timescale (time from amyloid positivity; TFAP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Data-driven models are at the mercy of the data upon which they are built. Poorly configured models can lead to misleading conclusions. Here we introduce a framework called Goldilocks for carefully configuring data-driven modelling analyses to remain in the Goldilocks Zone - features that are not too weak (in terms of disease signal), and model (hyper)parameters that are not too strong (with respect to available training data).
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