The relationship between the T-cell response to mycobacterial antigens and the likelihood of progression to disease has not been defined. We report a rapidly rising ELISPOT count in a 55-year-old man with evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection prior to the onset of symptoms of disease. This case illustrates the possible utility of quantitative changes in the ELISPOT count in predicting progression from M. tuberculosis infection to disease.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
The COVID-19 pandemic forced the rapid development of methods to measure humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2. The lack of a global standardized protocol and the high variability of intra- and inter-assay precision of the T-cell response made it difficult to compare T-cell assay results with those of other laboratories. The interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay for immunogenicity evaluation was validated using naturally infected donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells, a commercially available IFN-γ ELISpot kit, and a SARS-CoV-2 specific peptide pool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibodies (Basel)
October 2024
Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Background/objectives: The body's immune response to infections and vaccination leads to the formation of memory B cells (MBCs), which protect against future infections. MBCs circulate in the blood, and the strength of the MBC response is measured with different tests. In this study, tests to measure the MBC response were compared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Reg Health Eur
September 2024
Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, UK.
Vaccines (Basel)
September 2024
Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Saga University, Nabeshima, Saga 840-8501, Japan.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect
December 2024
Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Sevilla, 41704, Dos Hermanas, Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address:
Background: Persistence of a low CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with an increased morbimortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) under effective antiretroviral therapy. We aimed to explore the immunological significance of a persistently low CD4/CD8 ratio, even despite normal CD4 levels, and assess whether these features vary from those associated to a low nadir-CD4, another well-established predictor of disease progression.
Methods: CD4-recovered PLWH were classified by CD4/CD8 ratio after three-years of ART (viral suppression, CD4≥500; R < 0.
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