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Vesicular Stomatitis Virus: Insights into Pathogenesis, Immune Evasion, and Technological Innovations in Oncolytic and Vaccine Development.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) represents a significant advancement in therapeutic medicine, offering unique molecular and cellular characteristics that make it exceptionally suitable for medical applications. The bullet-shaped morphology, RNA genome organization, and cytoplasmic replication strategy provide fundamental advantages for both vaccine development and oncolytic applications. VSV's interaction with host cells through the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and its sophisticated transcriptional regulation mechanisms enables precise control over therapeutic applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the Microbial Ecology of Water in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Potential of Bacteriophages in Water Quality Monitoring and Treatment to Improve Its Safety.
Viruses
December 2024
APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Road, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland.
Access to safe water and food is a critical issue in sub-Saharan Africa, where microbial contamination poses significant health risks. Conventional water treatment and food preservation methods have limitations in addressing water safety, particularly for antibiotic-resistant bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms. This review explores the potential application of bacteriophages as an innovative solution for water treatment and food safety in the region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNewly Proposed Dose of Daclatasvir to Prevent Lethal SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Transgenic ACE-2 Mice.
Viruses
November 2024
Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, RJ, Brazil.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) still causes death in elderly and immunocompromised individuals, for whom the sustainability of the vaccine response may be limited. Antiviral treatments, such as remdesivir or molnupiravir, have demonstrated limited clinical efficacy. Nirmatrelvir, an acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) major protease inhibitor, is clinically effective but has been associated with viral rebound and antiviral resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating the Protective Role of Intranasally Administered Avian-Derived IgY Against SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Hamster Models.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Prophyl Kft., 7700 Mohács, Hungary.
Background/objectives: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for alternative prophylactic measures, particularly for populations for whom vaccines may not be effective or accessible. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of intranasally administered IgY antibodies derived from hen egg yolks as a protective agent against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Syrian golden hamsters, a well-established animal model for COVID-19.
Methods: Hens were immunized with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to generate IgY antibodies.
Current Status and Significance of Additional Vaccination with COVID-19 Vaccine in Japan-Considerations from Antibody Levels from Hybrid Immunity and Public Perceptions.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan.
This report examines the evolving role of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in Japan, especially in light of the reduced public concern following the reclassification of COVID-19 as a Category 5 infectious disease in May 2023. With over half the population estimated to have hybrid immunity from prior infections and vaccinations, this report evaluated the necessity and frequency of additional booster doses. Despite strong recommendations from Japanese medical societies to continue vaccination, public skepticism remains owing to financial burdens, adverse reactions, and the perceived limited benefits of frequent boosters.
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