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Introduction: Autism is a lifelong minority neurotype present from birth. There is a dearth of credible evidence to suggest gender variation in Autism prevalence, despite historical under-diagnosis of women. Autistic people Assigned Female At Birth (AFAB) have worse physical and mental health compared with non-Autistic peers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHalving premature death and improving quality of life at all ages: cross-country analyses of past trends and future directions.
Lancet
December 2024
Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Background: Although death in old age is unavoidable, premature death-defined here as death before age 70 years-is not. To assess whether halving premature mortality by 2050 is feasible, we examined the large variation in premature death rates before age 70 years and trends over the past 50 years (1970-2019), covering ten world regions and the 30 most-populous nations. This analysis was undertaken in conjunction with the third report of The Lancet Commission on Investing in Health: Global Health 2050: the path to halving premature death by mid-century.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Pan-African Surgical Healthcare Forum: An African qualitative consensus propagating continental national surgical healthcare policies and plans.
PLOS Glob Public Health
November 2024
Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda.
Access to equitable, safe, affordable, timely, and quality surgical healthcare in Africa remains limited. Few African countries have surgical healthcare plans or policies. Where these exist, there are significant gaps in dissemination, funding, and implementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImplementation of the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy in routine antenatal care: A mixed-methods evaluation in three London NHS Trusts.
Eur J Midwifery
June 2024
Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Unplanned pregnancies are associated with increased risks. Despite this, they are currently not routinely detected during antenatal care. This study evaluates the implementation of the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP) - a validated measure of pregnancy planning - into antenatal care at University College London Hospital, Homerton Hospital, and St Thomas' Hospital, England, 2019-2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk-based lung cancer screening in heavy smokers: a benefit-harm and cost-effectiveness modeling study.
BMC Med
February 2024
Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
Background: Annual screening through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is recommended for heavy smokers. However, it is questionable whether all individuals require annual screening given the potential harms of LDCT screening. This study examines the benefit-harm and cost-effectiveness of risk-based screening in heavy smokers and determines the optimal risk threshold for screening and risk-stratified screening intervals.
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