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The utility of urinary tests for the monitoring of the treatment efficacy and adverse events of anticancer therapies is constrained by the low concentration of relevant urinary biomarkers. Here we report, using mice with lung cancer and treated with chemotherapy, of a urinary fluorescence test for the concurrent monitoring of the levels of a tumour biomarker (cathepsin B) and of a biomarker of chemotherapy-induced kidney injury (N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase). The test involves two intratracheally administered urinary reporters leveraging caged bioorthogonal click handles for the biomarker-dependent activation of 'clickability' and renal clearance, and the bioorthogonal click reaction of each renally cleared reporter with paired fluorescence indicators in the collected urine.

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Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a debilitating pain condition resulting from cancer treatment and is known to be associated with a decrease in health-related quality of life. This single-center cross-sectional study, conducted at Institute of Nuclear Medicine Oncology and Radiotherapy (INOR), Abbottabad, Pakistan, assessed the prevalence and severity of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and its impact on quality of life in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CIPN20 questionnaires.

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Sarcopenia and cancer cachexia are two life-threatening conditions often misdiagnosed. The skeletal muscle is one of the organs most adversely affected by these conditions, culminating in poor quality of life and premature mortality. In addition, it has been suggested that chemotherapeutic agents exacerbate cancer cachexia, as is the case of doxorubicin.

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Erythroferrone (ERFE) has emerged as a potential biomarker for the erythropoiesis response following recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) treatment. While the association between ERFE and hemoglobin (HGB) response to rHuEPO is well-established in nonanemic conditions, such correlation and ERFE kinetics in anemic states remain unclear. We employed two rat models of anemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD) anemia and chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA), to determine ERFE kinetics and its correlation with HGB responses after rHuEPO administration.

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Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) remains an important complication of cytotoxic chemotherapy for which an urgent and appropriate evaluation is imperative.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic and prognostic roles of mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-ProADM) levels in predicting infection in patients with FN.

Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study included 137 patients with chemotherapy-induced FN.

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