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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.130682 | DOI Listing |
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Adolescent circadian rhythm disruption increases reward and risk-taking.
Front Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Introduction: Circadian rhythm disturbances have long been associated with the development of psychiatric disorders, including mood and substance use disorders. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for the onset of psychiatric disorders and for circadian rhythm and sleep disruptions. Preclinical studies have found that circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) impacts the brain and behavior, but this research is largely focused on adult disruptions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan rewards enhance creativity? Exploring the effects of real and hypothetical rewards on creative problem solving and neural mechanisms.
Behav Brain Funct
December 2024
School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China.
Reward cues have long been considered to enhance creative performance; however, little is known about whether rewards can affect creative problem solving by manipulating states of flexibility and persistence. This study sought to elucidate the differential impacts of real versus hypothetical rewards on the creative process utilizing the Chinese compound remote association task. Behavioral analysis revealed a significantly enhanced solution rate and response times in scenarios involving real rewards, in contrast to those observed with hypothetical rewards.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLearning enhances behaviorally relevant representations in apical dendrites.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, United States.
Learning alters cortical representations and improves perception. Apical tuft dendrites in cortical layer 1, which are unique in their connectivity and biophysical properties, may be a key site of learning-induced plasticity. We used both two-photon and SCAPE microscopy to longitudinally track tuft-wide calcium spikes in apical dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in barrel cortex as mice learned a tactile behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCo-stimulating the left vmPFC compensates for apathy after levodopa withdrawal in Parkinson's patients with STN DBS.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord
December 2024
The Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, 10019, United States.
Introduction: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) improves motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its effect on motivation is controversial. Apathy, the lack of motivation, commonly occurs in PD and is often exacerbated after surgery and its concomitant levodopa reduction. Apathy and reward processing are associated with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), which standard targeting strategies avoid by targeting the dorsolateral STN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of Food Addiction With Obesity in Young Adults Belonging to Urban and Rural Populations.
Cureus
November 2024
Psychiatry, Rajarajeswari Medical College & Hospital, Bengaluru, IND.
Background Food addiction (FA), where an individual displays a loss of control over the consumption of calorie-dense foods (refined carbohydrates, fats), is proposed to be like substance-use disorders with the experience of cravings, reduced control over intake, increased impulsivity, and altered reward-sensitivity. FA may also be associated with obesity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FA in urban and rural areas, and the proportion of obesity in young adults with FA.
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