Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is the one of the most critical status among alcohol related disorders. Early detection, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome are keys to a successful outcome. This article describes the concrete method of diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
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Molecules
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor is a major target of ethanol, and it is implicated in learning and memory formation, and other cognitive functions. Glycine acts as a co-agonist for this receptor. We examined whether Org24598, a selective inhibitor of glycine transporter1 (GlyT1), affects ethanol withdrawal-induced deficits in recognition memory (Novel Object Recognition (NOR) task) and spatial memory (Barnes Maze (BM) task) in rats, and whether the NMDA receptor glycine site participates in this phenomenon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, reducing aerosol-generating procedures became fundamental, particularly in ophthalmic surgeries traditionally performed under general anesthesia (GA). Regional anesthesia, such as sub-Tenon's block (STB), is widely used in vitreoretinal surgeries, offering a safer alternative by avoiding airway manipulation. However, the altered orbital anatomy in patients with previous scleral explant surgery creates unique challenges to STB application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Substance use disorders (SUDs) and anxiety disorders (ADs) are highly comorbid, a co-occurrence linked to worse clinical outcomes than either condition alone. While the neurobiological mechanisms involved in SUDs and anxiety disorders are intensively studied separately, the mechanisms underlying their comorbidity remain an emerging area of interest. This narrative review explores the neurobiological processes underlying this comorbidity, using the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework to map disruptions in positive valence, negative valence, and cognitive systems across the three stages of the addiction cycle: binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/anticipation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Alcohol Depend Rep
December 2024
Banner - University Medical Center South, 2800 Ajo Way, Tucson, AZ 85713, United States.
Background: There are many barriers to prescribing medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). This study evaluates the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of inpatient MOUD prescribing at discharge to patients with a diagnosis of opioid use/opioid use disorder (OUD) that developed opioid withdrawal during their hospital stay.
Methods: This multicenter, retrospective cross-sectional study occurred at three hospitals in Arizona.
Behav Brain Res
January 2025
Experimental Biology Center, University of Fortaleza, Av. Washington Soares, 1321, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Laboratory of Bioprospection of Natural Products and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, CECITEC/UECE - Center for Education, Science and Technology of the Inhamuns Region. R. Seis, 15 - Bezerra de Sousa, Tauá, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address:
Mimosa tenuiflora ("jurema-preta") is traditionally used in folk medicine for various diseases. The study investigated the neuropharmacological potential of Mimosa tenuiflora bark fraction (FATEM) in adult zebrafish. This included the acute toxicity (LC50) of FATEM (0.
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