Alcohol relapse and its relationship to the lived experience of adult liver transplant recipients.

Abstinence from alcohol after liver transplantation is an important outcome for all adult liver transplant recipients to attain. Currently, there is no clear explanation for why some recipients consume alcohol after transplantation, whereas others do not, and the predictors of alcohol relapse after liver transplantation have not been clearly explained. It often is believed that nurses do not have sufficient knowledge of alcohol abuse and that addiction specialists are needed to assess alcohol relapse after transplantation. As a result, the contributions of nursing to abstinence counseling for adult liver transplant recipients are unknown. For this study, a mixed method approach was used that combined the qualitative research method known as phenomenology with statistical findings to illuminate the lived experience of adult liver transplant recipients and to discover whether a relationship exists between the recipients' lived experiences and alcohol relapse after transplantation. Five clinical themes emerged from the data, two of which had positive relationships with alcohol relapse. Nursing implications related to abstinence counseling for all adult liver transplant recipients are addressed.