Chemoautotrophic endosymbionts are the metabolic cornerstone of hydrothermal vent communities, providing invertebrate hosts with nearly all of their nutrition. The Calyptogena magnifica (Bivalvia: Vesicomyidae) symbiont, Candidatus Ruthia magnifica, is the first intracellular sulfur-oxidizing endosymbiont to have its genome sequenced, revealing a suite of metabolic capabilities. The genome encodes major chemoautotrophic pathways as well as pathways for biosynthesis of vitamins, cofactors, and all 20 amino acids required by the clam.
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A new genus Turneroconcha (Bivalvia: Vesicomyidae: Pliocardiinae) for the giant hydrothermal vent clam 'Calyptogena' magnifica.
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July 2020
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nahimovskiy Prospekt, 36, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
A new monotypic genus, Turneroconcha, is established for T. magnifica (Boss Turner) which was originally assigned to the genus Calyptogena Dall. The distinguishing morphological characters of the new genus are the combination of both conchological and anatomical features including: the presence of only two tooth elements in the right valve; submerged location of the posterior part of the posterior lamellar ligament layer; the absence of a subumbonal pit, lunular incision, escutcheon and pallial sinus; the presence of both pairs of demibranchs; the tubular structure of marginal parts of the interlamellar septa in gills; an inner valve of the inhalant siphon without processes; tentaculate inner mantle fold 3 and a Z-shaped digestive tract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAncient Occasional Host Switching of Maternally Transmitted Bacterial Symbionts of Chemosynthetic Vesicomyid Clams.
Genome Biol Evol
September 2017
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
Vesicomyid clams in deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems harbor sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in their gill epithelial cells. These symbionts, which are vertically transmitted, are species-specific and thought to have cospeciated with their hosts. However, recent studies indicate incongruent phylogenies between some vesicomyid clams and their symbionts, suggesting that symbionts are horizontally transmitted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplete mitochondrial genome of hydrothermal vent clam Calyptogena magnifica.
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b Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing , CA , USA.
The mitochondrial genome of the hydrothermal vent clam Calyptogena magnifica (Bivalvia, Veneroida, Vesicomyidae) is reported for the first time in this study. The total length of its mitochondrial genome is 19 738 bp with overall GC content of 31.6%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we present the draft genome of the endosymbiont "Candidatus Ruthia magnifica" UCD-CM, a member of the phylum Proteobacteria, found from the gills of a deep-sea giant clam, Calyptogena magnifica. The assembly consists of 1,160,249 bp contained in 18 contigs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFirst respiration estimates of cold-seep vesicomyid bivalves from in situ total oxygen uptake measurements.
C R Biol
April 2012
IFREMER Centre de Brest, Unité Étude des Écosystèmes Profonds, 29280 Plouzané, France.
Vesicomyid bivalves are one of the most abundant symbiont-bearing species inhabiting deep-sea reducing ecosystems. Nevertheless, except for the hydrothermal vent clam Calyptogena magnifica, their metabolic rates have not been documented, and only assessed with ex situ experiments. In this study, gathering benthic chamber measurements and biomass estimation, we give the first in situ assessment of the respiration rate of these bivalves.
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