Germination of Bacillus anthracis spores into the vegetative form is an essential step in anthrax pathogenicity. This process can be triggered in vitro by the common germinants inosine and alanine. Kinetic analysis of B. anthracis spore germination revealed synergy and a sequential mechanism between inosine and alanine binding to their cognate receptors. Because inosine is a critical germinant in vitro, we screened inosine analogs for the ability to block in vitro germination of B. anthracis spores. Seven analogs efficiently blocked this process in vitro. This led to the identification of 6-thioguanosine, which also efficiently blocked spore germination in macrophages and prevented killing of these cells mediated by B. anthracis spores. 6-Thioguanosine shows potential as an anti-anthrax therapeutic agent.
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Plants (Basel)
January 2025
Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818, Col. Centro, Cd. Obregón 85000, Mexico.
Strain TE5 was isolated from a wheat ( L. subsp. ) rhizosphere grown in a commercial field of wheat in the Yaqui Valley in Mexico.
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January 2025
Department of Food Science and Technologies for Sustainable Agro-Food Chain (DiSTAS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, PC, Italy.
This study investigated whether viable cells, dead cells or cell-free supernatants (CFS) were responsible for the biocontrol effect of strains from two important bacterial genera, and , known for their antifungal properties against plant pathogens and food spoilage microorganisms. Specifically, the capability of these strains to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes on specified media was assessed, along with their effectiveness in inhibiting the mycelial growth of several phytopathogenic fungi (, , and ) using dual culture plate assays. Results from these inhibition assays revealed that PF05 and LMG 23520 strains were the most effective in suppressing fungal growth, especially .
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January 2025
Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
type F is a spore-forming bacterium that causes human illnesses, including food poisoning (FP) and non-foodborne gastrointestinal diseases. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activities of 15 natural products against spore growth. Among them, garlic, onion juice, and undiluted essential oil constituents (EOCs) of clove, rosemary, and peppermint showed the strongest activity.
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January 2025
Department of Biology, College of Science and Math, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, USA.
The fungal genus is noted for its bioluminescence and the production of biologically active secondary metabolites. We isolated 47 fungal strains of germinated from spores of a single mushroom. We first noted a high degree of variation in the outward appearances in radial growth and pigmentation among the cultures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiology (Basel)
January 2025
College of Plant Protection, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Rice false smut (RFS) is pervasive and has emerged as the primary disease affecting rice productivity. Due to the lack of effective chemical control, disease-resistant varieties are the primary method of managing the disease. This study aimed to investigate the influence of biological characteristics such as hyphal growth rate, spore production and germination ability on the pathogenicity of .
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