Miniature inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (mIPSP) of motoneurons in isolated frog spinal cord were recorded in conditions of blockade of the conduction of nerve spikes and ionotropic glutamate receptors (TTX, 1 microM, CNQX, 25 microM, D-AP5, 50 microM). Three types of mIPSP were identified: those with fast and slow time characteristics and mIPSP with two-component decays. Two-component mIPSP accounted for 8.7% of all selected responses, fast mIPSP for 64.5%, and slow mIPSP for 26.8%. Blockade of GABA(A) receptors with bicuculline (20 microM) led to decreases in the numbers of slow and two-component mIPSP and an increase in the number of mIPSP with fast kinetics. Strychnine (1 microM), a blocker of glycine receptors, led to a reduction in the number of fast receptors and an increase in the number of slow potentials. These data suggest that frog spinal cord motoneurons have three types of inhibitory mIPSP, mediated by GABA, glycine, and simultaneous release of these two transmitters from the same presynaptic terminals.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11055-007-0011-x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Defect Migration and Phase Transformations in Two-Dimensional Iron Chloride inside Bilayer Graphene.
ACS Nano
January 2025
The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR-SANKEN), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
The intercalation of metal chlorides, and particularly iron chlorides, into graphitic carbon structures has recently received lots of attention, as it can not only protect this two-dimensional (2D) magnetic system from the effects of the environment but also substantially alter the magnetic, electronic, and optical properties of both the intercalant and host material. At the same time, intercalation can result in the formation of structural defects or defects can appear under external stimuli, which can affect materials performance. These aspects have received so far little attention in dedicated experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlood leukocyte-based clusters in patients with traumatic brain injury.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Background: Leukocytes play an important role in inflammatory response after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). We designed this study to identify TBI phenotypes by clustering blood levels of various leukocytes.
Methods: TBI patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (MIMIC-III) database were included.
Three-dimensional printed anatomical models as an educational tool for orthopaedic surgical trainees - A single institution experience.
J Clin Orthop Trauma
March 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jln Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
Objective: To evaluate the utility of three-dimensional (3D) anatomical models as an educational tool among Orthopaedic surgical trainees.
Methods: Seven types of 3D anatomical models - humerus, elbow, ankle, calcaneum, knee, femur, and pelvis- based on patients' computational tomography (CT) scans were printed in the study institution and used by surgical trainees preoperatively. Responses were collected in the form of a Likert scale questionnaire.
Two previously undescribed triterpenoid saponins from the roots and rhizomes of Maxim.
Front Chem
January 2025
Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Since ancient times, plants have provided humans with important bioactive compounds for the treatment of various diseases. Nine compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Caulophyllum robustum (a plant in the family Panaxaceae), including two new saponins C. Spanion A and C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarge language model based mutations in genetic improvement.
Autom Softw Eng
January 2025
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Ever since the first large language models (LLMs) have become available, both academics and practitioners have used them to aid software engineering tasks. However, little research as yet has been done in combining search-based software engineering (SBSE) and LLMs. In this paper, we evaluate the use of LLMs as mutation operators for genetic improvement (GI), an SBSE approach, to improve the GI search process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!