Cross-cultural differences in governance and policies for learning disability services are of interest. This article focuses on two UK government policy documents issued in 1971 and 2001. Their context, creation, principles, proposals and proposed implementation are examined, and lessons are drawn for an international audience as to the changing nature of services in the UK. The analysis reveals a move from a detailed and prescriptive policy in 1971, largely defined by professionals and bureaucrats, and aimed primarily at families with a disabled member, to statements of broad principles in 2001, devised in consultation with and aimed at a range of groups, including disabled people themselves. The article acknowledges progress in individual rights and choices for people with learning disabilities, but raises doubts about how significant this is in achieving a qualitative improvement in their lives. Some of these doubts relate to the governance process itself.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744629507074005 | DOI Listing |
Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch
January 2025
School of Education, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia.
Purpose: This narrative review of preservice training of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to work in school-age literacy contexts examines (a) studies regarding SLPs' perceptions of their preservice training and (b) accreditation requirements for preservice training in selected nations.
Method: A review of the literature examining (a) SLPs' perspectives about their preservice training; (b) SLPs' beliefs, confidence, and self-efficacy; and (c) speech-language pathology preservice program content was conducted via analysis of studies published after the year 2010. Policy documents and websites outlining accreditation requirements in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand were reviewed.
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT) is the official journal of the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA). The primary mission of AJOT is to publish peer-reviewed research examining the effectiveness and efficacy of occupational therapy practice so that occupational therapy professionals can make informed, evidence-based decisions about best practice. In addition, the journal aims to publish (1) research documenting the reliability and validity of occupational therapy instruments; (2) studies demonstrating a relationship between occupational engagement and the facilitation of community participation and health; and (3) articles that provide a forum for scholars to debate professional issues that affect education, practice, and research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Institute of Gerontology, Faculty of Social Science and Public Policy, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Osteoporosis is a significant geriatric condition, considering its impact on fracture-related morbidity and mortality, particularly among older women. The interplay of clinical evidence, diagnostic tools availability, and broader societal attitudes toward aging and treatment efficacy affect medical attitude and prescribing behaviors. Using the example of osteoporosis in France and England, the study aims to unravel the intricacies of medical decision-making in geriatric care, offering insights into the evolving landscape of healthcare policy and practice, which in turn can help reduce futile biomedical research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Nurs Rev
March 2025
Center for Healthcare Delivery Systems Science, Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Aim: To describe the self-reported mental health of nurses from 35 countries who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Background: There is little occupationally specific data about nurses' mental health worldwide. Studies have documented the impact on nurses' mental health of the COVID-19 pandemic, but few have baseline referents.
J Pharm Health Care Sci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-Cho, Kahoku-Gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
Background: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), a severe cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction induced particularly by drugs, is diagnosed when there is a fever of ≥ 38 °C, mucocutaneous symptoms, a rash with multiple erythema, and skin peeling of ≥ 30% of the body surface area. The mortality rate of TEN is high, and thrombocytopenia during treatment can lead to severe outcomes. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is used when steroids are ineffective in TEN and may improve mortality; however, thrombocytopenia is a rare adverse event associated with IVIg use.
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