The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Prevenar, was first licensed in the United States in 2000 for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by the serotypes included in the vaccine. It is presently approved in more than 70 countries, and more than 100 million doses of vaccine have been distributed to date. Within 1 year of routine use in the US, incidence of vaccine-serotype IPD had fallen dramatically among children younger than 2 years, with indirect effects noted among other age groups as well. The most recent data available from the US demonstrates that vaccine-serotype IPD has declined by 94% among the age group recommended for vaccination, and indirect effects have been documented in every unvaccinated age group, including among neonates and young infants. Additionally, declines in other pneumococcal-associated respiratory tract diseases have been reported, highlighting the extended benefits of a Prevenar vaccination program. Subsequently, the vaccine has been introduced into the national immunization programs of several other countries, including Canada, Australia, and The Netherlands. While an increase in disease caused by serotypes not included in the vaccine has been observed ("replacement disease"), the overall impact of this increase has, to date, been small in comparison to the substantial reduction in overall disease burden that has resulted since Prevenar introduction.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.01.021 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Serotype distribution of remaining invasive pneumococcal disease after extensive use of ten-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (the PSERENADE project): a global surveillance analysis.
Lancet Infect Dis
December 2024
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), specifically PCV10 and PCV13, on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) globally, highlighting how these vaccines have reduced the prevalence of disease caused by vaccine-type serotypes after extensive use.
- It describes the methodology of data collection from various surveillance sites, which aimed to evaluate IPD cases that occurred five years after the vaccines were implemented, focusing on different age groups for analysis.
- Findings indicate significant differences in serotype distribution between PCV10 and PCV13 sites; notably, certain serotypes, such as 19A and serotype 3, were prevalent in specific age groups, signaling ongoing challenges in controlling
Pneumococcal serotypes missing prespecified efficacy threshold in immunogenicity trials: real-world evidence from national immunization programs.
Expert Rev Vaccines
October 2024
Vaccines, Global Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, New York, USA.
Objectives: The 13-valent (PCV13) and 10-valent (PCV10) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines missed non-inferiority for certain 7-valent (PCV7) serotypes in immunogenicity trials. This study examines the population-level IPD case trends for these serotypes.
Methods: We identified six countries with national IPD surveillance data that introduced PCV13 (Canada, Germany, Israel, Italy, South Africa, and the United States) and three with PCV10 (Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands).
Comparison of short- and long-term humoral immune responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide and glycoconjugate vaccines in an HIV-infected population.
J Infect
November 2024
Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on short- and long-term antibody responses to pneumococcal vaccines in HIV-infected adults, comparing two types of vaccines: Pneumovax-23 (PPV) and Prevenar-13 (PCV).
- A subgroup of 152 participants from a larger study had their antibody levels measured before and after vaccination, with ongoing assessments for four years. Results indicated that those vaccinated with PCV had a higher likelihood of achieving the World Health Organization's antibody threshold than those who received PPV.
- Specifically, 54% of PCV recipients reached the target after one dose compared to 33% with PPV, and this advantage continued with booster doses, showing better cumulative rates
Long-term effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease incidence among people of all ages from national, active, laboratory-based surveillance in South Africa, 2005-19: a cohort observational study.
Lancet Glob Health
September 2024
Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address:
Background: In South Africa, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2009 and 13-valent PCV (PCV13) was introduced in 2011, both in a two plus one schedule. We evaluated the ongoing effects of PCV on the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) over 15 years of sustained surveillance in South Africa before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: We conducted national, active, laboratory-based surveillance for IPD among all ages in South Africa, including isolate serotyping and susceptibility testing.
Geographical migration and fitness dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Nature
July 2024
Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis worldwide. Many different serotypes co-circulate endemically in any one location. The extent and mechanisms of spread and vaccine-driven changes in fitness and antimicrobial resistance remain largely unquantified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!