Pulmonary and cardiovascular integrated model controlled with oxygen consumption.

We built a pulmonary and cardiovascugratedar inte- model which is driven by O2 consumption. The integrated model consists of a pulmonary model, a cardiovascular model, a gas exchange model, a respiratory control system model and a cardiovascular control model. To verify the integrated model, we calculated ventilations and cardiac outputs in different O2 consumptions and compared the results with literature values. The literature values are experimental data of healthy men during rest and exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Additionally we checked that the calculated O2 and CO2 transfer rate between blood and alveolar region are consistent with given O2 consumption and CO2 production.