Parallel Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods employ receiver coils sensitivities to reduce imaging time: reconstruction algorithms need RF field maps which must be measured or estimated. Assuming statistical independence of different regions in a MR image, we consider the sensitivity estimation as a Blind Source Separation (BSS) problem that can be solved with Independent Component Analysis (ICA). This new formulation permits sensitivity maps extraction from only one MR acquisition, without calibration step or acquisition of additional k-space lines. Simulation results are presented for sensitivity encoded (SENSE) MR images, proving that sensitivity data can be extracted from statistical properties of the image, using the method ICASENSE.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2005.1615409 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Med
January 2025
Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Introduction: Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary tract (SCNEC-URO) has an inferior prognosis compared to conventional urothelial carcinoma (UC). Here, we evaluate the predictors and patterns of relapse after surgery.
Materials And Methods: We identified a definitive-surgery cohort (n = 224) from an institutional database of patients with cT1-T4NxM0 SCNEC-URO treated in 1985-2021.
Nanoscale
January 2025
MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
Homogeneous mixtures undergo phase separation to generate rich heterogeneous structures as well as enable complex physiological activity and delicate design of artificial materials. Beyond free space, the strong coupling between migrating components and spatial confinement plays a crucial role in determining the essential spatial compartment of phase separation, warranting further continuous exploration. Herein, we report the selective phase separation (SPS) behavior of polymers under a mobile two-dimensional (2D) confinement by graphene oxide (GO) sheets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo direct regulated protein degradation, the 26S proteasome recognizes ubiquitinated substrates through its 19S particle and then degrades them in the 20S enzymatic core. Despite this close interdependency between proteasome subunits, we demonstrate that knockouts from different proteasome subcomplexes result in distinct highly cellular phenotypes. In particular, depletion of 19S PSMD lid proteins, but not that of other proteasome subunits, prevents bipolar spindle assembly during mitosis, resulting in a mitotic arrest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProper histone gene expression is critical to cell viability and maintaining genomic integrity. Multiple histone genes organized into three genomic loci encode for replication coupled core and linker histones. Histone gene expression and transcript processing is orchestrated in the histone locus body (HLB) within the nucleus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of diffusion models, such as Glide, DALLE 2, Imagen, and Stable Diffusion, marks a significant advancement in generative AI for image synthesis. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for synthesizing intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) by utilizing the nonlinear capabilities of denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs). This approach builds upon and extends traditional linear methods, such as independent component analysis (ICA), which are commonly used in neuroimaging studies.
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