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CJEM
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Objectives: Fundoscopy is crucial in the emergency department to identify or rule out serious ocular and neurological conditions. Despite its clinical importance, fundoscopy is often omitted due to the technical challenges associated with traditional direct ophthalmoscopy, particularly for non-ophthalmologists. This study examines emergency physicians' practices, confidence levels, and training related to various modalities of fundoscopy including traditional direct ophthalmoscopes, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopes, panoptic ophthalmoscopes, slit lamp fundoscopy and fundus cameras; and explores the potential role of alternative modalities, such as fundus cameras, in Canadian emergency departments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRes Rep Trop Med
December 2024
Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Introduction: Raga County is an onchocerciasis-endemic area in the Western Bahr El Ghazal state of South Sudan, known to have a high prevalence of blindness. The objective of this study was to determine the causes of eye disease and blindness in Raga County as well as to assess the relationship of eye diseases with other prevalent conditions like onchocerciasis and epilepsy.
Methods: We reviewed unpublished pre-community directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) data about eye disease and onchocerciasis in Western Bahr El Ghazal including Raga.
Cureus
August 2024
General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chengalpattu, IND.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder, and its prevalence is rising worldwide. The objective of the study was to investigate the association between mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) and the glycemic control marker HbA1c. So MPV and RDW could be used as prognostic indicators of deterioration of gluco-regulation in diabetes mellitus type 2 and the associated microvascular complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Med Port
September 2024
Department of Ophthalmology. Unidade Local de Saúde de São João. Porto.; Department of Surgery and Physiology. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Porto. Porto. Portugal.
The red reflex test, performed using a direct ophthalmoscope, serves as a critical diagnostic tool in identifying various ocular conditions. These conditions encompass retinal anomalies (such as retinoblastoma, Coats disease, retinopathy of prematurity, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, myelinated nerve fibers, ocular toxocariasis, ocular toxoplasmosis, retinochoroidal coloboma, astrocytic, and combined hamartoma), vitreous abnormalities (including persistent fetal vasculature), lens issues (like cataract), anterior chamber and corneal conditions (comprising dysgenesis of the anterior segment, congenital glaucoma, birth trauma), and tear film disturbances. During this examination, the presence of leukocoria, characterized by a white pupillary reflex, can suggest the presence of underlying conditions.
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