Automatic detection of malignant tumors in mammograms.

Detection of malignant tumors at an early stage is an important first step in diagnosis of the cancerous regions in mammograms. Although many detection schemes have been presented, they are still not adequate to safely eliminate all risks. In this paper we propose classification schemes of unknown test mammograms using fractal analysis and spatial moments distributions as image processing techniques. Two classifiers will be used in conjunction with these techniques: a backpropagation neural network and a self-organizing map. Investigation of the histograms of the spatial moments at low orders shows that discrete image spatial moments cannot distinguish between benign and malignant mammograms. The two-stage backpropagation neural network and the one-stage self-organizing map both give detection rates of 70% and low false positive rates. With further preprocessing and optimization, the performance of these classifiers may be further improved.