Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiologic process of acute and chronic renal diseases. Intracellular component such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are easily and rapidly oxidized by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and such reactions lead to increased levels of lipid peroxide. The present study examined the antioxidant effects of Wen-Pi-Tang and its component crude drugs on 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)- or 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (AMVN)-induced ROS generation and lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid. As a result, Wen-Pi-Tang significantly decreased AAPH or AMVN-induced ROS in renal mitochondrial particles. For the components in Wen-Pi-Tang's prescription, Rhei Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix extracts strongly inhibited peroxide levels, but Ginseng Radix, Aconiti Tuber and Zingiberis Rhizoma extracts were comparably low. Rhei Rhizoma extract showed the strongest inhibitory activity on oxidative injury, and two of its tannin compounds, (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate and procyanidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate, inhibited AAPH or AMVN-induced ROS significantly. Thus, the present data suggest that Wen-Pi-Tang and its component crude drugs effectively prevent biological toxicity on oxidative stress through potent antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities.
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