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Latest revisions to the International Health Regulations will fail to prevent future travel chaos.
BMJ Glob Health
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
The poor management of public health risks associated with travel by most countries proved among the most contentious issue areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence from previous outbreaks suggested travel restrictions were largely unnecessary and counterproductive to timely reporting. This led to initial WHO recommendations against the use of travel restrictions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing artificial intelligence based language interpretation in non-urgent paediatric emergency consultations: a clinical performance test and legal evaluation.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of Google Translate (GT) in translating low-acuity paediatric emergency consultations involving respiratory symptoms and fever, and to examine legal and policy implications of using AI-based language interpretation in healthcare.
Methods: Based on the methodology used for conducting language performance testing routinely at the Interpreter Services Department of the Hospital for Sick Children, clinical performance testing was completed using a paediatric emergency scenario (child with respiratory illness and fever) on five languages: Spanish, French, Urdu, Arabic, and Mandarin. The study focused on GT's translation accuracy and a legal and policy evaluation regarding AI-based interpretation in healthcare was conducted by legal scholars.
Support for and likely impacts of endgame measures in the Smokefree Aotearoa Action Plan: findings from the 2020-2021 International Tobacco Control New Zealand (EASE) surveys.
N Z Med J
January 2025
Professor, Department of Public Health, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington.
Aim: In February 2024, the Aotearoa New Zealand Government repealed legislation to mandate very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs), greatly reduce the number of tobacco retailers and disallow sale of tobacco products to people born after 2008 (smokefree generation). We investigated acceptability and likely impacts of these measures among people who smoke or who recently (≤2 years) quit smoking.
Method: We analysed data from 1,230 participants from Wave 3 (conducted in late 2020 and early 2021) and 615 participants from Wave 3.
Differential Effects of Alcohol Policies Across Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status.
Alcohol Res
January 2025
Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, California.
Purpose: Sociocultural characteristics, including race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES), may affect individuals' attitudes and norms regarding alcohol use and treatment as well as their access to emerging health knowledge, innovative technologies, and general resources for improving health. As a result of these differences, as well as social determinants of health such as stigma and uneven enforcement, alcohol policies may not benefit all population subgroups equally. This review addresses research conducted within the last decade that examined differential effects of alcohol policies on alcohol consumption, alcohol harm, and alcohol treatment admissions across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamic proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis reveals key pathways and targets in the early stages of high-altitude traumatic brain injury.
Exp Neurol
January 2025
Department of Military Traffic Injury Prevention and Control, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly at high altitudes (HA-TBI), is a leading cause of mortality and disability, yet clear diagnostic and treatment protocols are lacking. This study explores the early pathophysiological changes occurring within 24 h following HA-TBI, with a focus on differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and phosphorylated proteins (DEPPs). Using a low-pressure hypoxic chamber to simulate high-altitude conditions combined with a controllable cortical impact (CCI) model, we established a rat model of HA-TBI.
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