During a recent study of surface water quality factory new white high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles were used for collecting the water samples. According to the established field protocol of the Geological Survey of Norway the bottles were twice carefully rinsed with water in the field prior to sampling. Several blank samples using milli-Q (ELGA) water (>18.2 MOmega) were also prepared. On checking the analytical results the blanks returned values of Ag, Ba, Sr, V, Zn and Zr. For Ba and Zn the values (c. 300 microg/l and 95 microg/l) were about 10 times above the concentrations that can be expected in natural waters. A laboratory test of the bottles demonstrated that the bottles contaminate the samples with significant amounts of Ba and Zn and some Sr. Simple acid washing of the bottles prior to use did not solve the contamination problem for Ba and Zn. The results suggest that there may exist "clean" and "dirty" HDPE bottles depending on manufacturer/production process. When collecting water samples it is mandatory to check bottles regularly as a possible source of contamination.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.035 | DOI Listing |
Adv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China.
Catalytic cracking of polyolefin wastes into valuable chemicals at mild conditions using non-noble metal catalysts is highly attractive yet challenging. Herein it is reported that 2D tungsten trioxide (2D WO) nanosheets, after decorating with group VIII metal promoters (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark.
Estimating the chemical hazards of drinking water stored in reusable plastic bottles is challenging due to the numerous intentionally and unintentionally added chemicals. To address this, we developed a broad screening strategy using evaporation enrichment and liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to evaluate migration of non-volatile chemicals from various reusable plastic bottles. The study analyzed a wide range of materials, revealing significant variability in chemical profiles across different bottle types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr A
November 2024
Analytical Chemistry Department, GUIA Group, I3A, University of Zaragoza, Mª de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address:
Background: The increasing use of plastic packaging materials generates concerns related to the environmental problem generated by their waste. As a result, the search for new recycling methodologies to extend the lifecycle of plastic packaging is becoming more important, without forgetting to ensure the safety of these materials. Currently, the use of recycled polyolefins as food contact materials is not widespread yet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
October 2024
Analytical Chemistry Department, GUIA Group, I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Mª de Luna 3, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.
New high-density polyethylene (HDPE) manufactured from different percentage of post-consumer recycled HDPE milk bottles was studied through two static and dynamic migration tests using saliva simulant to assess the potential hazard to children. Sixty-nine compounds were identified, including several additives used in PE synthesis such as alkanes, alkenes, antioxidants and plasticizers as well as non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) like degradation products such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, phenol, 2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyacetophenone, or various residues from flavoring agents, cleaning products and essential oils. Some of these compounds as the isomers p and o t-butylcyclohexyl acetate, 3-Octanol, 3,7-dimethyl- and thujanol acetate (3-) pose a potential risk to children, as their concentrations exceed the recommended Cramer values for high percentages of recycling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag
July 2024
Christian Doppler Laboratory for a Recycling-based Circular Economy, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Austria.
The low recycling rate of post-consumer plastic packaging waste (PPW), which is partly due to insufficient separate collection, heterogeneous composition and high levels of contamination, poses a challenge in Austria, where the recycling rate must double in order to meet the target of 55 %. This study analyzes key packaging characteristics of non-beverage plastic bottles influencing recyclability, using Vienna as a case study. Additionally, a net quantity indicator and separate collection rates were calculated.
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